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66 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Abrasion

The process of wearing and scraping something away

Aeolian Process

The winds ability to shape the surface of the Earth

Alluvial Fan

Triangle shaped deposit of sediments, usually occurs when flowing water interacts with mountains or steep walls of canyons

Anticline

A ridge or fold of stratified rock

Basalt

A dark-fined volcanic rock that sometimes displays columnar structure

Biological Weathering

When animals and plants help weaken rock surface

Butte

Isolated hill similar to a messa but narrower

Canyon

a deep gorge, usually with a river flowing through

Cenote

A natural underground reservoir of water

Chemical Weathering

The erosion or disintegration of rocks caused by chemical reaction

Coastal desert

Colder waters parallel to the coast

Cone

a triangle-shaped hill formed as material from volcanic eruptions piles up around the volcanic vent

Constructive Ridge

a divergent tectonic plate or constructive plate boundary located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean

continental drift

the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface through geological time

convergent boundaries


is an actively deforming region where two (or more) tectonic plates or fragments of the lithosphere move toward one another and collide

Deflation


the removal of particles of rock, sand, etc. by the wind

destructive trenches


this is where 2 plates, 1 made of continental crust and one made of ocean crust collide and one gets destroyed.

divergent boundaries


is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other

Dreamtime

· Dreaming is when all things began,



· The landscape was created by beings who wandered the earth. Aboriginal and torres straight islander beliefs.

Dune

a mound or ridge of sand or other loose sediment formed by the wind

East African Rift Valley


The East African Rift is an active continental rift zone in East Africa

ergs

s a broad, flat area of desert covered with wind-swept sand with little or no vegetative cover

Extrusive Volcanism

he mode of igneous volcanic rock formation in which hot magma from inside the Earth flows out \ onto the surface as lava or explodes violently

fluvial erosion


Fluvial processes include the motion of sediment and erosion or deposition on the river bed

fold mountains


formed when two of the tectonic plates that make up the Earth's crust push together at their border (forces edges of plates up into a series of folds)

glacial erosion


Movement of soil or rock from one point to another by the action of the moving ice of a glacier.

Gondwanaland


the more southerly of two supercontinents that were part of the Pangaea supercontinent, broke and formed australia, antartica, south america, africa.

Trench


an elongated block of the earth's crust lying between two faults and displaced downwards relative to the blocks on either side, as in a rift valley

Hamada


a type of desert landscape consisting of high, largely barren, hard, rocky plateaus

Horst


1.

a raised elongated block of the earth's crust lying between two faults.

Hotspot


an area of volcanic activity

Ice sheet

a layer of ice covering an extensive tract of land for a long period of time

Igneous

(of rock) having solidified from lava or magma.

Inselberg


an isolated hill or mountain rising abruptly from a plain

intrusive volcanism


when magma is forced into the rocks that make up the Earth's crust

Laccolith


a mass of igneous rock, typically lens-shaped, that has been intruded between rock strata causing uplift in the shape of a dome

Landform


a natural feature of the earth's surface

Landscape

all the visible features of an area of land, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal

Magma


hot fluid or semi-fluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed on cooling.

Metamorphic


denoting or relating to rock that has undergone transformation by heat, pressure, or other natural agencies

Oasis


is an isolated area of vegetation in a desert, typically surrounding a spring or similar water source

onion skin weathering


* rock is repeatedly subjected to heat and cold
* outer layer expands in heat
* outer layer contracts in cold
* outer layer of rock peels off (loose rock known as scree)

Pangaea


the hypothetical landmass that existed when all continents werejoined, from about 300 to 200 million years ago.

Peninsula


an area of land almost completely surrounded by water except for anisthmus connecting it with the mainland.

physical weathering


any of the various weathering processes that cause physical disintegration of exposed rock without any change in the chemicalcomposition of the rock

Tray

a land area having a relatively level surface considerably raised above adjoining land on at least one side, and often cut by deep canyons

Beaches


an area of flat, dried-up land, especially a desert basin from which water evaporates quickly

Rainshadow


a region having little rainfall because it is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills

Right


is a type of desert landscape consisting of high, largely barren, hard, rocky plateaus, with very little sand because this has been removed by deflation

Ring of Fire


the linear zone of seismic and volcanic activity that coincides in generalwith the margins of the Pacific Plate.

San Andreas fault


It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate,

Sedimentary


(of rock) that has formed from sediment deposited by water or air

Strait


a narrow passage of water between two areas of land, usually connecting two seas

Subduction


the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate

Submarine

ocean trench

Synclines


a trough or fold of stratified rock in which the strata slope upwards from the axis


tectonic plates


the two sub-layers of the earth's crust that move, float, and sometimes fracture and whose interaction causes continental drift,earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, and oceanic trenches

Terrestrial


pertaining to, consisting of, or representing the earth as distinct from other planets.

transform boundaries


a type of fault whose relative motion is predominantly horizontal in either sinistral or dextral direction

Tough

Tuff can be classified as either sedimentary or igneous rocks

wind

the top of the volcano where lava comes out

side vent

The side of a volcano where lava comes out

volcanic plug


when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano

yardang


1.

a sharp irregular ridge of sand lying in the direction of the prevailing wind in exposed desert regions, formed by the wind erosion of adjacent material which is less resistant.

wadi

a dry gully or riverbed eroded by occasional flash floods

blah

blah means balh