Reading...
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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Decoding
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Process of converting printed words into their spoken forms by using knowledge of letter-sound relationships and word structure
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Irregular Words
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Words in which some or all of the letters do not represent their most common sounds
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Letter Recognition
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Ability to distinguish and name each letter of the alphabet, sequence the letters, and distinguish and produce both upper and lowercase letters
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Phonological Processing
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Ability to remember words in their spoken forms as sequences of speech sounds and to apply the sounds to symbols when spelling and reading words
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Morphology
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Structure of meaningful units and patterns in words
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Regular Words
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Words in which the letters make their most common sound
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Letter Combinations
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Groups of consecutive letters that represent a particular sound(s) in words
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Decodable Texts
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Engaging and coherent texts in which most of the words are comprised of an accumulating sequence of letter-sound correspondences being taught
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Stop Sounds
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Consonant sounds that are not as easy to pronounce in isolation, without a vowel sound
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Common Sound
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Sound that a letter most frequently makes in a word
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Encoding
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Process of converting spoken words into their written forms (spelling)
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Continuous Sounds
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Vowels and certain consonant sounds that can be prolonged during pronunciation and are easier to say without being distorted
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Letter-Sound Correspondences
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Relationships between common sounds of letters or letter combinations in written words
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Graphophonemic
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Description for the combination of letters and letter-sound correspondences
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Orthography
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Writing system of language
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Phonetic Spelling
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A beginning stage of spelling that develops with one's ability to analyze the phonemes in words (also known as beginning, temporary, invented, and emergent spelling)
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Frustrational-Level
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Reading level in which more than 1 in 10 words are difficult (89% or below accuracy with low comprehension)
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Instructional-Level
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Reading level in which no more than 1 in 10 words is difficult for the reader (90 - 94% accuracy with average to high comprehension)
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Mnemonics
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Strategies to improve memory such as using key words or visualizing
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Percent Accuracy
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Calculation that determines the reading level of texts (total number of words read correctly divided by the total number of words read)
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Sounding Out
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Process of saying each sound that represents a letter(s) in a word and blending them together to read it
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Alphabetic Principle
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Understanding that the sequence of letters in written words represents the sequence of sounds (or phonemes) in spoken words
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Generalizations
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Consistencies in patterns and relationships that apply to more than one word
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Independent-Level
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Reading level in which no more than 1 in 20 words is difficult for the reader (95 - 100% accuracy with high comprehension)
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Phonology
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Rule system of speech sounds in a language
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