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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What goal did both Wilfrid Laurier and Sir Robert Borden have in common?
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Trying to est. Canada's growing autonomy
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What issues preoccupied most Canadians as WWI broke out in Europe?
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Increasing unemployment
Economic depression Crop failure Upcoming drought |
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What two countries were at the center of hostilities in Europe, and why?
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Great Britain and Germany - appetite for expansion
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Why did France, Italy, Austria-Hungary and Russia each get pulled into the rivalry between Germany and Britain?
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France - resentment of British outweighed by bitterness over loss of Alsace and Lorraine to Germany
Italy - independent country, wanted to expand A-H - preoccupied with impending war Czech/Slovs - desire to break free from A-H Russia - weak military/economy |
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What nations belonged to the Triple Entente and what nations belonged to the Triple Alliance?
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Triple Entente = Russia, England, and France
Triple Alliance = Germany, Italy, and A-H |
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Why did Britain declare war on Germany, and why was Canada immediately involved?
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Germany's disregard for Belgium's neutrality...Canada was under British control
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How many troops did Prime Minister Borden offer Britain?
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25,000
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How did Canadian opposition leaders, like Laurier and Bourassa, feel about Borden's offer?
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They supported it.
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What role did racism play in the Canadian Expeditionary Force?
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Not all Canadians were welcome to enlist in C.E.F. Black Canadians could only enlist if local regiment would accept them. Formed non-fighting regiment.
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Who was Margaret McDonald?
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Matron-in-Chief of Canadian nursing sisters. Granted rank of major.
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What weapon did the Allies devise to break through the barbed wire and protect troops crossing 'no man's land'?
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The tank
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What were planes used for in WWI?
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To carry supplies and observe enemy position, supplied machine guns, darts, and grenades.
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Who were Billy Bishop, Raymond Collishaw, William Barker, and Roy Brown?
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Canadian flying aces. 27 in total in airforce:
Billy Bishop - Victorian award, 63 wins Barker - 53 wins, Victorian cross Brown - Red Baron |
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In regard to the Canadian navy, what was one of Canada's most significant contributions to the Great War?
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Providing convoys to protect cargo ships in long trip over Atlantic.
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Why does July 1 still hold double meaning for Newfoundlanders?
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Celebration of Canada Day, but also day of mourning for all soldiers who didn't come home.
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What was the War Measures Act of 1914?
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It gave the Canadian federal government the power to suppress rights of those considered enemy aliens.
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What acts were imposed on enemy aliens after October 14, 1914?
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Enemy aliens were forced to register with government - report firearms, Ukranians/Germans sent to internment camps.
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How were Canadian pacifists treated?
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They faced ridicule and harassment but conscientious objectors faced possible imprisonment (Menorites, Hutterites).
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What impact did the war have on the Canadian economy initially?
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At first, the war had hurt the economy. Soldiers left...unemployment rate rose.
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What measures did the Canadian gov. take to pay for the war?
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They turned to the Canadian public to financially support the war - asked for Victory bonds.
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What kind of discrimination did women face in the work place?
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They were often paid less for same position held by men. Work place was a hostile environment.
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Why did conscription worsen tensions between French and English Canadians?
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Hughes' recruiting tactics did little to improve situation, disregarded needs of French Canada, poor recruiting tactics.
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What was the purpose of the Manitoba School Act and Ontario's Regulation 17?
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They had restricted French instruction in school.
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Why did farmers across Canada resist mandatory service?
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They feared that their livelihood would be lost if young men were forced to leave farm.
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Why have Borden's tactics during the 1917 election been highly criticized?
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He chose whom he wanted to vote ensuring those in favor of draft had vote and others didn't. Supply of floating votes overseas.
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How effective was the Military Service Act?
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The war was over before the Canadian draftees could make a difference - draft crisis had only fueled fire in Quebec.
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What happened at Halifax on December 6, 1917?
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The French ship Mont Blanc, carrying only 24 hundred tons of explosions collided with Norweigan relief vessel. Largest non-atomic explosion in history. 1600 killed and 9000 injured.
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Where did a significant amount of money come from to rebuild Halifax?
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From the Massachusetts Relief Committee.
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What happened in Russia in October 1917?
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Lenin overthrew the government and negotiated peace treaty with Germany - Germany could now concentrate troops on Western front.
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Why does Vimy remain one of the most important victories for Canada?
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Men from across Canada fought together as one Canadian core and battle tactics were vision of Canadian general, British and French had failed.
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Why was the Battle of Passchendaele one of the most controversial battles in the Great War?
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Canadians fought in terrible conditions on what was considered worst battle-field on Western front - Curry had reservations about fighting there.
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What was the significance of the Battle of Cambrai?
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It was the first successful tank assault: involved Canadian calvary brigade and Newfoundland regiment.
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What part of the German line did the Canadians break?
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The Hindenburg Line: Germany's main line of defense. French Canadians played specifically important role. Every officer killed or wounded.
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When did Germany surrender?
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November 11, 1918.
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What changes came about in Canada as a result of the Great War?
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Old-school imperialism ended British Canadians were no longer British-Canadians, but simply Canadians.
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What important step toward independence did Canada take in 1917?
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Prime Minister Borden was invited to war cabinet by David Lloyd George (Prime Minister of Britain): invited leaders of dominions to participate.
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Why did Borden insist that Canada sign the Treaty of Versailles independently?
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He wanted Canada to sign independent of Britain so it would be clear Canada was autonomous.
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Who was John McCrae?
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Canadian doctor who wrote poem entitled "In Flander's Field" in memory of a friend who died in battle, featured in "Punch".
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