Deep Back / Suboccipital Triangle

Front 1

Origin & Insertion of rectus capitus posterior major

Back 1

Ori: spinous process of axis (C2)

Ins: lateral portion of occipital bone below inferior nuchal line

Front 2

Origin and Insertion of rectus capitus posterior minor

Back 2

Ori: posterior tubercle of C1 atlas

Ins: medial portion of occipital bone below inferior nuchal line

Front 3

Origin and insertion of oblique capitus superior

Back 3

Ori: transverse process of atlas

Ins: occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines

Front 4

origin and insertion of oblique capitus inferior

Back 4

Ori: spinous process of axis

Ins: transverse process of atlas

Front 5

Function of rectus capitus posterior major

Back 5

extension of head & rotation of head to same side of muscle

Front 6

function of rectus capitus posterior minor

Back 6

extension of head

Front 7

Function of oblique capitus superior

Back 7

extension of head and bending to the same side

Front 8

Function of oblique capitus inferior

Back 8

rotation of face to the same side

Front 9

Origin and insertion of the splenus capitus

Back 9

Origin: C7 - T4 spinous process and supraspinous ligaments

Insertion: Mastoid and occipital bone

Front 10

Origin and insertion of the splenus cervicus

Back 10

Origin: T3-T6 spinous processes

Insertion: Transverse processes of C1 - C6

Front 11

What kind of rotation is caused by the transversospinous group?

Back 11

Contralateral

Front 12

Location of the semispinalis group?

Back 12

Spans 4-6 segments, located in all sections except lumbar

Front 13

Location of the multifidus group?

Back 13

Fibers span 2-4 segments, in all vertebrae up to C2, originating in sacrum

Front 14

Location of the rotatores?

Back 14

Present in the entire vertebral column, but most prevalent in the thoracic; spans either 1 or 2 segments (brevis or longus).

Front 15

Posterior thoracolumbar fascia surrounds...

Back 15

erector spinae muscles

Front 16

Where does middle thoracolumbar fascia attach?

Back 16

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae and the iliac crest; superior to 12th rib

Front 17

Where does anterior thoracolumbar fascia surround?

Back 17

Quadratus lumborum

Front 18

What are the functions of thoracolumbar fascia (in general)?

Back 18

Prevent the spread of infection, passage for nerves and blood vessels, insulation and protection, envelops deep back muscles, separates muscles groups and allows movement.

Front 19

Where does the vertebral artery arise?

Back 19

Subclavian

Front 20

When the vertebral artery reaches the top of the posterior arch, where does it go?

Back 20

Pierces the atlantoccipital membrane

Front 21

Where do the dorsal rami innervate?

Back 21

Deep back muscles, zygopophyseal joints, posterior spinal ligaments and overlying skin.

Front 22

What are the functions of the erector spinae muscles?

Back 22

Bilaterally: extend the vertebral column and head

Unilaterally: control lateral flexion of vertebral column.

Front 23

Where do rotatores originate in the lumbar region?

Back 23

Mamillary processes.