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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the Basic Types of Dental Implants
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-Subperiosteal: placed onto the bone (eposteal)
-Transosseous: placed through the bone -Endosseous: placed into the bone |
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What is Dental Implant
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-Prosthetic device or alloplastic material implanted into the oral tissue beneath the mucosal or/ and periosteal layer, and/ or w/in the bone to provide retention and support for a fixed or removable prothesis.
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Describe the Subperiosteal Dental implants
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-an implant placed onto the residual alveolar surface and deriving prosthesis support from the superiosteal fibrous tethering of implant to bone
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Where does the framework rest on the Subperiosteal Dental implants?
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-Rests on surface of bone and below the mucoperiosteum
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What is the Subperiosteal Dental Implants purpose
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-Support overdenture
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Disadvantage of Subperiosteal Implants?
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-Non-osseointegrated framework
-Usually bilateral -High failure rates, especially after 10 yrs -<50% success rate -Often result in resorption and damage to ridge (infection, nerve damage, exteriorization) -Can be used for mandible and maxilla. - |
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Implant placed throught he mandibule deriving support for the prosthesis largely by virtue of geometric interlocking of implant with bone
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-Transosseous Implants
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Examples of Transosseous Implants
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-Mandibular Staple Implant
-Transmandibular Implant (TMI) |
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Describe Transosseous Implants
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-Plate on lower border of mandibular symphysis
-Support thin mandible -Submental surgical approach require general anesthesia -Transosseous posts-go through mandible -Cortical screws-stabilize plate |
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What material can Transosseous Implants be made from?
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-Stainless steel, vitalium, titanium, titanium, gold alloy
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Mandibular Staple Implant
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-One size
-One piece -Originally press fit -Usually 2 posts -Tissue loaded, implant retained prosthesis |
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TMI-Transmandibular Implant
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-Transosseous
-4 transosseous posts -Implant loaded prosthesis |
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What are the types of Endosseous Dental Implants
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-Root form implants
-Blade implants -Ramus frame |
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Mandibular Staple Implant
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-One size
-One piece -Originally press fit -Usually 2 posts -Tissue loaded, implant retained prosthesis |
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TMI-Transmandibular Implant
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-Transosseous
-4 transosseous posts -Implant loaded prosthesis |
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What are the types of Endosseous Dental Implants
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-Root form implants
-Blade implants -Ramus frame |
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What is Endosseous Implant
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-An implant placed into bone and deriving prosthesis support from the resultant bone to implant interface
-Direct osseous interface, intervening fibrous interface |
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What is the differences b/t the types of Endosseous Dental Implants (Root form implants, Blade implants, Ramus frame implants)
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-Root form implants: appr. shape and dimensions of tooth roots-screw, cylinder, hollow basket
-Blade implants: custom or pre-made flat plates of metal -Ramus frame implants: metal framework with only a portion of the implant in bone |
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Evolution of Materials
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-Gold
-Stainless steel -Ceramic -Vitallium (Co,Cr, Mo) -Chrome Cobalt -Titanium |
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Describe Blade Implants
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-Conceived for posterior mandible
-Success rate <80% |
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Describe Ramus Frame
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-Support for mandibular overdenture
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Type of Implant Attachment
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-Attempts to make PDL
-Fibrous attachment -Osseointegration |
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What is the definition of Osseointegration?
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-Osseointegration is defined as a direct structural and functional connection b/t ordered living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant
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What is another definition of Osseointegration?
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-Direct anchorage of an implant by the formation of bony tissues aorund the implant w/o the growth of FIBROUS tissue at the bone-implant interface.
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Criteria which define Osseointegration?
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-Unattached implant is immoble when tested clinically
-No evidence of peri-implant radiolucency -Vertical bone loss less than 0.2 mm annually following the implant's first year of service -Absence of persistent and or irreversible signs and symptoms such as pain, infections, neuropathies, parethesia, or violation of mandibular canal -Success at 85% end of 5 years, 80% end of 10 years (minimum) -Successfully integrated implant fixtures is restored with functional/esthetic prothesis |
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What is concept have been ass. with long term failure of implants
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-Successful bone anchorage vs. soft tissue anchorage
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Requirements Endosseous Osseointegrated Dental Implants
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-Low complication
-Easy to TX and maintenance -Predictability -Versatile surgical and prosthetic protocols -Research documentation -Good company with good customer service |
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What are the type sof roughened surface?
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-Addition: HA coated, TPS
-Substraction: SLA, Tioblast |
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What is the first surface texture for optimal bone interlocking cresting positive bone simulation?
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-Ti Oblast
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Factors affecting Osseointegration?
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-Implant Biocompability
-Fixture design -Surface characteristics -State of host -Surgical techniques -Biomechanical status -Time |
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Osseointegration depends of what?
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-Bone formation and maintenance at artifical surfaces
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Implant Biocompability materials
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-cpTitanium
-Hydroxyapatite -Titanium alloy -Vitallium, other alloys |
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What are the shapes of Implant Design?
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-Cylinders
-Tapered implants -Screws -Hollow cylinders |
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Preclinical and clinical evaluations demonstrate that rougher surfaces promoter greater bone-to-implant contact (T/F)
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True
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Stated advantages of Roughen Implant Surface?
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-Increase clot retention
-Increase cell attachment -Increase surface area -Increase bone formation -Increase bone interlock |
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Stated disadvantages of Roughen Implant Surface?
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-Unproven technology
-Increase ion release -Shed particulate materials -Risks of peri-implant inflammation |
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Relative contraindications for Implants?
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-Smoking
-Diabetes mellitus -Steriod therapy, kidney, liver dieases -Osteoporosis (Oral Bisphosphonates) |
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Surgical responeses
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-Hypoxia
-Heat: relative degree of cell and tissue death at surgical interface |
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During implant placement limit what?
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-Limit thermal stress
-Limit excessive compression |
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Process of Osseointegration?
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1. Surgical responses
2. Bone formation 3. Bone adapation 4. Repair |
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Bone formation Steps
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-Injury, Hemostasis (fibrin clot formation), Fibrinolysis, Neo-vascularization, Stem cell recruitment (Chemotaxis), Proliferation, Differentiation (matrix maturation), Matrix mineralization
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Junctional epithelium excludes bacteria if implant/abutment connection is sealed/solid (T/F)
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True
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What types of implants used at UNC?
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-Astra Tech
-Staumann |
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Describe Nobel Biocare Replace Select
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-Internal connection but not friction fit
-Collar height of 1.5 and 3.0 mm -Flat Restorative interface |
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Describe Straumann Tissue Level System
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-Morse taper internal connection
-Collar height 1.8 and 2.8 mm -Stable internal connection |
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Osseointegration provides a stable clinical anchorage for prosthetic teeth that is relatively resistant to bacterial mediated inflammation (T/F)
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True
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