Dbd Test 5- Ppp

Front 1

Rectilinear pattern

Back 1

agricultural

Front 2

Circular

Back 2

herding

Front 3

Radiocentric

Back 3

incremental urban growth

Front 4

Greek Town (Hippodamus

Back 4

rectilinear

Front 5

Roman Town (Vitruvius

Back 5

rectilinear enclosing walls and two main streets::
Cardus
Decumanus

Front 6

Medieval town

Back 6

absence of geometry
: walled for defense

Front 7

Reneissance town

Back 7

Town Square (focus)
: ideal city was a star shape, military town

Front 8

Baroque Town Planning

Back 8

grew from Renaissance
: Made use of the boulevard (connected the various parts, expanding the city)
: Versailles, rebuild of London in 1666, Washington DC, modern Paris

Front 9

worker towns

Back 9

Lowell, Mass

Front 10

garden suburb towns

Back 10

Llewellyn Park, NJ)

Front 11

Jeffersonian planning

Back 11

rectilinear land division which led to states

Front 12

Frederick law Olmstead

Back 12

Central Park & Prospect Park

Front 13

After the civil war urban planning

Back 13

decline of the farmers, miners, etc. More factory and service workers.

Front 14

City Beautiful movement

Back 14

turn of the century – improve urban life.

Front 15

Henry Wright and Clarence Stein

Back 15

re-planned NY (Ecologically friendly)

Front 16

In 1920’s development of...

Back 16

...Regional Planning Association NY

NRPB (National resources Planning Board)
WPA (Works Projects Administration)
PWA (Public Works Administration)

Front 17

after WWII city planning...

Back 17

emerged the regional metropolis
: cities abandoned public systems, never extended them out to suburbs
: suburban auto dependent shopping centers left the downtown centers for commercial offices.

Front 18

Concentric

Back 18

concentric rings around a business center
: Type of transportation determines the pattern within each ring
: Rings blend into each other
: Center = Original Business Center
: Ring 1 = Old Housing, factories, etc
: Ring 2 = Turn of the century suburbs
: Ring 3 = Post WWII – low density suburban housing

Front 19

Sector

Back 19

Pie shaped wedges radiating from the center

Front 20

Multiple Nuclei Pattern

Back 20

several sub centers
: Finger plan: development occurs along transportation routes
: Cluster plan: varying centers of activities
: Satellite pattern: similar to cluster, but has a distinct center – usually the old city

Front 21

Linear

Back 21

in a line connected by a transportation spine
: “Megalopolis” describes extensive linear arrangements of cities

Front 22

Rectilinear

Back 22

streets and blocks at right angles

Front 23

Radiocentric

Back 23

circular urban form with radial bands of development. (Typical of cities that grew over time)
: Star or Finger

Front 24

Ring Shaped

Back 24

linear form encircling an open area

Front 25

Sheet

Back 25

extensive urban area without focal points, routes, or forms. (Urban or suburban sprawl)

Front 26

Satellite

Back 26

urban developments, each with their own core, around a major urban center.

Front 27

Constellation

Back 27

similar to satellite, but without a major center.

Front 28

Clarence A. Perry (The Neighborhood Theory in 1929

Back 28

1. No major traffic through residential areas
2. Interior streets to use cul de sacs, curves, low volume
3. Population tbd by number of people to support 1 school
4. Focal point to be school
5. Occupy 160 acres. 10 families per acre. No child to walk more than ½ mile to school
6. served by shopping, church, etc.

Front 29

garden city

Back 29

an ideal, self-contained community of predetermined area and population surrounded by a greenbelt. As formulated by Sir Ebenezer Howard,

Front 30

suburbs

Back 30

garden idea as spread to US from Europe

Front 31

housing types

Back 31

Single family
Town houses became possible when densities began to exceed 5 to 6 units per acre.
Two family houses – less costly than single
Row Houses – 2 stories high, basements, 20 to 35 feet wide. Sound is a problem.
Walk up Apartment – 3 stories in height.
High Rise

Front 32

Densities = net or gross

Back 32

Ratio of inhabitants to land
Net does not include streets, gross does

Front 33

Lower densities

Back 33

expensive utility distribution costs
: dependent on automobile
: for public transit to be effective and efficient need moderate density = 30 persons per acre. (30 persons is a high but livable density in suburban America, but common in European towns)

Front 34

Street Front Pattern

Back 34

linear with houses lining the street

Front 35

End On Pattern

Back 35

Rows of units on small streets at right angles to the street. Reduces street frontage and increases lot depth.

Front 36

Court Pattern

Back 36

units face into a common open space.

Front 37

Cluster development

Back 37

dwellings are clustered, open space is common.

Front 38

PUD:

Back 38

zoning designation used to achieve the cluster development
: large developments
: mixture of uses
: requires phased development
: Urban redevelopment and urban renewal are PUDs
: reintroduce diversity and mixture