Day 6 Full Biology 30 Review

Front 1

The parasympathetic nervous system effects male sexual behaviour by

Back 1

allowing blood to enter the penis and cause an erection.

Front 2

The sympathetic nervous system effects male sexual behaviour by

Back 2

causing emmission or ejaculation during orgasim.

Front 3

A woman is most fertile during these days of her cycle

Back 3

10 - 19

This is by no means accurate for every individual. It is an average based on ovulation occuring on day 14.

Front 4

The most effective method of birth control is

Back 4

abstinence!

And you thought it was the pill ;)

Front 5

If intercourse is going to occur, the most effective method of birth control is

Back 5

the contraceptive pill, or shot.

Front 6

If intercourse is going to occur, the most effective method of STD prevention is

Back 6

male latex condoms.

Front 7

Sperm can live up to _____ days inside a female after intercourse.

Back 7

3

Although with life, nothing is ever guarenteed. With perfect cervical mucus sperm can live as long as 5 days or more!

Front 8

Fertilization typically occurs here for a successful pregnancy

Back 8

In the fallopian tubes.

Front 9

An ovum must be fertilized within __________ hrs of ovulation in order for a successful pregnancy to occur

Back 9

24

Again, this is typical or average. Successful pregnancies could result outside this number.

Front 10

If 300 million sperm enter the vagina, about how many will enter the cervix?

Back 10

About 3 million or 1% of the total ejaculate.

Front 11

After the sperm and egg nuclei fuse this new life is refered to as a

Back 11

Zygote.

Front 12

The cellular division needed to go from a one celled zygote to a multi cellular embryo is

Back 12

mitosis or mitotic division.

Front 13

When the new life is at the morula stage each contained cell is said to be

Back 13

totipotent

or undifferentiated

Front 14

If two eggs are fertilized, each with it's own sperm, the resulting twins are

Back 14

fraternal or non-identical.

Front 15

If only one egg is fertilized but two embryos develop, the resulting twins are

Back 15

identical

They actually have the same DNA.

Front 16

When the cells of a new life start to differentiate, the cell mass is called a

Back 16

Blastocyst.

Around days 5 - 7

Front 17

If a developing blastocyst embeds in the fallopian tube wall it is known as a _____________ pregnancy.

Back 17

tubal or ectopic

This is very dangerous for mom and child.

Front 18

The extra embryonic membranes are

Back 18

Chorion

Amnion

Allantois

Front 19

In order to signal the mother that a pregnancy has occured, the developing blastocyst must

Back 19

secrete HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)after embedding in the uterine lining.

Front 20

The role of HCG in the mother is to

Back 20

signal pregnancy and cause the corpus luteum to continue to function.

Front 21

The corpus luteum must continue to secrete these hormones in high levels during the first two trimesters of pregnancy.

Back 21

Progesterone and estrogen.

Front 22

In the third trimester, the corpus luteum is not necessary. What has taken over it's hormonal role for the rest of the pregnancy?

Back 22

The placental wall will secrete it's own progesterone and estrogen.

Front 23

The chorionic layer has two main functions; they are

Back 23

to secrete HCG

to form a placenta for nutrient and waste exchange.

Front 24

The amnion layer will grow into the _________ _______ which will surrond the embryo and fuction to

Back 24

amnionic sack

protect and cushion the embryo as well as insulate it from temperature changes.

Front 25

After fertilization, cleavage occurs as the cells divide but the embryo does not become larger. The resulting mass of cells is called a

Back 25

morula.

Front 26

The allantois with the yolk sac provide the embryo with

Back 26

blood cells untill the bone tissue takes over this role.

Front 27

The three embryonic layers are

Back 27

Ectoderm

Mesoderm

Endoderm

Front 28

The ectoderm gives rise to these organs and tissues

Back 28

skin, nails, hair, lens of eye, lining of the internal and external ear, nose, sinuses, mouth, anus, tooth enamel, pituitary gland, mammary glands, and all parts of the nervous system.

Front 29

The endoderm gives rise to these organs and tissues

Back 29

the lining of lungs, tongue, tonsils, urethra and associated glands, bladder and digestive tract.

Front 30

The mesoderm gives rise to these organs and tissues

Back 30

muscles, bones, lymphatic tissue, spleen, blood cells, heart, lungs, and reproductive and excretory systems.

Front 31

The human heart begins to beat by

Back 31

the third week or around day 21.

Front 32

The umbilical cord transports ________ to the mother and brings back ___________ to the embryo

Back 32

wastes


nutrients

Front 33

The specific site of nutrient and waste exchange is found in the ___________ ________ of the placental wall.

Back 33

Chorionic Villi

Front 34

Umbilical arteries carry blood that is rich in ___________ and _________; while umbilical veins carry blood that is rich in ___________ and __________.

Back 34

waste and carbon dioxide


nutrients and oxygen

Front 35

From the 9th week on during pregnancy, the embryo is referred to as a

Back 35

fetus.

Front 36

During which trimester must the fetus experience a burst of testosterone to become externally male?

Back 36

The 1st trimester.

Front 37

Later in the 2nd trimester the fetus will swallow amniotic fluid to

Back 37

stimulate the formation of internal organs and muscles.

It will also suck it's thumb, urinate and work it's lungs all to stimulate development.

Front 38

One of the last vital organs to develop fully in a human fetus are the

Back 38

lungs.

Often not untill late in the 3rd trimester.

Front 39

The fetus adds fat layers during this trimester

Back 39

The 3rd trimester.

Front 40

The fetus grows a waxy coating called the vernix during this trimester

Back 40

The 2nd trimester.

Front 41

Main hormones involved in birth include

Back 41

estrogen
oxytocin
relaxin
epinephrine
endorphins
prolactin

Front 42

Oxytocin present in large amounts causes the uterus

Back 42

to contract helping to move the fetus through the birth canal.

Front 43

Rise in placental estrogen helps the uterus to express receptors for this hormone

Back 43

oxytocin.

Front 44

In order for birth to proceed safely, the cervix must

Back 44

thin and dialate to allow the fetus to enter the birth canal.

Front 45

Taking samples of the fluid around the fetus and examining the fetal cells is known as

Back 45

amniocentesis.

Front 46

Taking fetal blood from the umbilical cord and examining the contained cells is known as

Back 46

cordeocentesis.

Front 47

Taking small amounts of tissue from the chorion to examine for chromosomal abnormalities is known as

Back 47

CVS or chorionic villus sampling .

Front 48

A noninvasive procedure to examine fetal development and perhaps determine the gender of the fetus is known as

Back 48

an ultrasound.

Front 49

A male with testicular non-descent may have reproductive problems because

Back 49

sperm production must occur a few degrees below body temperature.

Front 50

An IUI procedure is when sperm is collected, washed and injected

Back 50

directly into the uterus.

Front 51

The main steps in IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) are

Back 51

Ovulation Induction

Retrieval

Collecting and preparing the sperm

Insemination of eggs and embryos culture

Transferring embryos to the uterus