Day 4 Full Biology 30 Review

Front 1

Endocrine glands release their hormones _____________________.

(Differentiate from exocrine)

Back 1

directly into the blood.

Front 2

Exocrine glands relase their hormones _____________________.

(Differentiate from endocrine)

Back 2

into ducts.

Front 3

Hormones that can pass through cell membranes and reach receptors inside target cells are

Back 3

steroid hormones.

(Broader spectrum)

Front 4

Hormones that bind only to specific receptors on the outside of target cells are

Back 4

protein hormones.

(More specific targets, uses cyclic AMP as messenger inside the cell)

Front 5

The two main systems that are responsible for maintaining homeostasis are

Back 5

the nervous system and the endocrine system.

Front 6

The ________ pituitary stores and releases hormones that are produced in the hypothalamus.

Back 6

posterior

Front 7

The ________ pituitary produces 5 main hormones that help control the other or endocrine glands and one broad spectrum hormone.

Back 7

anterior

Front 8

The hormone responsible for utirine contractions or the "let down" of milk for breastfeeding is

Back 8

oxytocin

Front 9

The action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is

Back 9

to increase the re absorption of water by the kidney and therefore decrease urine output.

Front 10

Diabetes Insipitus is characterized by

Back 10

too little ADH and therefore very urine volume.

Front 11

The hormone that stimulates growth and cellular reproduction in humans is

Back 11

HGH or human growth hormone.

Front 12

The hormone that stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk is

Back 12

prolactin.

Front 13

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) in females is responsible for

Back 13

the maturation of follicle cells and eggs in the ovaries.

Front 14

The hormone responsible for stimulating sertoli cells in males and therefore increasing sperm production is

Back 14

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone).

Front 15

The hormone most directly responsible for ovulation in females is

Back 15

LH (Luteinizing hormone).

Front 16

LH (luteinizing hormone) in males is responsible for stimulating

Back 16

testosterone production from lydig cells (interstitial cells) in the testicles.

Front 17

The hormone that targets the thyroid is

Back 17

TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone)

Front 18

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) targets the

Back 18

cortex of the arenal glands.

Front 19

Give three human problems that result from improper levels of HGH.

Back 19

Too little in children leads to dwarfism.
Too much in children leads to giantism.
Too much as an adult leads to acromegaly.

Front 20

The main hormone responsible for regulating metabolism is

Back 20

thyroxine (T4).

Front 21

Too little idoine in the blood will cause

Back 21

too little thyroxine to be created and will lead to goiter (swollen thyroid gland).

Front 22

This hormone will cause calicum to be removed from the blood and stored in bone tissue

Back 22

calcitonin.

(Created in the thyroid gland).

Front 23

Too little thyroxine in the blood will cause the _______ gland to release ________ which will target the _________ gland to release more thyroxine.

Back 23

pituitary

TSH

Thyroid

Front 24

PTH (parathormone) is released by the parathyroid glands and causes

Back 24

calcium to be released into the blood system (from bones, and also increase absoption in kidneys or food.)

Front 25

Symptoms of hypothyroidism include

Back 25

Fatigue
Weight gain
Coarse, dry hair
Cold intolerance
Decreased libido

Front 26

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include

Back 26

Nervousness
Heat intolerance
Weight loss
Warm moist skin (myxedema)
Staring gaze

Front 27

Goiter has virtually been eliminated from developed countries by

Back 27

iodizing salt.

Front 28

Which part of the pancreas secretes insulin?

Back 28

The Islets of Langerhans (beta cells)

Front 29

Which part of the pancreas secretes glucagon?

Back 29

The Islets of Langerhans (alpha cells)

Front 30

Which hormone is released as a result of increased blood sugar levels?

Back 30

Insulin.

Front 31

Glucose is stored as ___________ in the liver.

Back 31

glycogen.

Front 32

When blood sugar levels drop below normal levels this hormone is released.

Back 32

Glucagon.

Front 33

Diabetes Mellitus is

Back 33

too little insulin production.

Front 34

Type 1 diabetes can be managed by

Back 34

blood sugar monitoring and insulin injections.

Front 35

Type 2 diabetes can be managed by

Back 35

diet and oral medication.

Front 36

Common symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus include

Back 36

Short term effects :

High urine volume
Increased thirst
Fatigue

Long term effects:
eye, kidney, heart problems
trouble with ulcers and feeling in your extremities
glucose in urine
acetone breath

Front 37

Hypoglycaemia is

Back 37

too little blood sugar.

Front 38

Other treatments for Type 1 diabetes other than insulin injections include

Back 38

The pump or Islet transplants.

Front 39

In times of stress, which endocrine gland is targeted by both the NS system and the endocrine system?

Back 39

The adrenal gland.

Front 40

The cotex of the adrenal gland when targeted by _______, will release ___________.

Back 40

ACTH


Cortisol, and Aldosterone.

Front 41

When released during times of stress, cortisol in the blood

Back 41

increases blood pressure and blood sugar levels and suppresses the immune system.

Front 42

When aldosterone is released into the blood it

Back 42

increases Na+ re-absorption in the kidney, and therefore water follows Na+ back into blood and
keeps blood fluid high.

Front 43

epinephrin or adrenalin when released into the blood

Back 43

increases heart rate and stroke volume, dilates the pupils, and constricts arterioles in the skin and gut while dilating arterioles in leg muscles.

Generally gets the body ready for a fight or fligh response.

Front 44

pituitary gland

Back 44

The gland labeled "2" is the

Front 45

Diabetes Mellitus.

Back 45

If gland "7" was removed or impaired, what condition would result?

Front 46

Glands 3 (thyroid) and 4 (Parathyroid)

Back 46

Which glands are most involved in blood calcium balance?

Front 47

side 1, the side that regulates hypothalamus secretions.

Back 47

The posterior pituitary is labeled here as