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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Hemolytic disease of the newborn, usually caused by
isoimmunization that has resulted from Rh incompatibility or ABO incompatibility
Hip Dysplasia
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the name for a wide variety of problems in the formation of children’s hips. Some of these problems are present at birth (congenital). Others develop as your child grows.
In general, DDH makes it more likely that your child’s leg bones can come out of the hip joint (dislocation).

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Pre-Term
Birth that occurs before 37 completed weeks of gestation
Hydramnios
(polyhydramnios) Amniotic fluid in excess of 2.0 liters
Galactosemia 624
a genetic disease (autosomal recessive) in which an enzyme needed to metabolize galactose is deficient or absent; typically develops shortly after birth
Necrotizing enterocolitis 626
Acute inflammatory bowel disorder that occurs
primarily in preterm or low-birth-weight infants; occurs when bowel ischemia results in
destruction of the intestinal mucosa; may lead to perforation and peritonitis
Retinopathy of prematurity 620
is the result of immature retinal vasculature followed by hypoxia.
atresia
Absence of a normally present passageway
(ex: esophageal, choanal, aortic, intestinal, mitral, urethral)
meconium aspiration
the first feces of a newborn, and fetal inhalation of meconium in utero during epidsodes of sever fetal hypoxia or with the first few breaths after birth.
post term
Pregnancy that extends beyond 294 days or 42 weeks past the first
day of the last normal menstrual period
Ductus Arteriosus
In fetal circulation, an anatomic shunt between the pulmonary
artery and arch of the aorta; following birth, it is obliterated by a rising PO2 and a change
in intravascular pressures (with normal pulmonary function); normally becomes a
ligament after birth but sometimes remains patent
Intrauterine Growth Restriction
(IUGR) Undergrowth of the fetus; may be due to
deficient nutrient supply, intrauterine infection, or associated with a congenital
malformation
Hyperbilirubinemia
Elevation of unconjugated serum bilirubin concentrations
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
(RDS) Also known as hyaline membrane disease;
developmental disorder that results from decreased pulmonary gas exchange leading to
carbon dioxide retention (increased arterial PCO2); in the neonate, most commonly
associated with prematurity, perinatal asphyxia, maternal diabetes mellitus
foramen ovale
Opening in the septum between the right and left fetal atria;
normally closes shortly after birth
ductus venosus
In fetal circulation, a vascular channel that carries oxygenated
blood between the umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver;
following birth, becomes a ligament
brown fat
also called brown adipose tissue; unique neonatal heat source that is capable of greater thermogenic activity than ordinary fat; deposits located around the adrenal glands, kidneys, neck, between the scapulas, and behind the sternum
gestational age
In fetal development, the number of completed weeks of development, counting from the first day of the last normal menstrual period
hypospadias
Anomalous positioning of the urinary meatus on the undersurface of the
penis or close to or just inside the vagina
macrosomia
Large body size; fetal birth weight above the 90th percentile on an intrauterine growth chart for that gestational age; often seen in neonates of diabetic or prediabetic mothers
opthalmia neonatorum
Neonatal eye infection usually resulting from gonorrheal or
other infection contracted during passage through the vagina at the time of birth
surfactant
Phosphoprotein necessary for normal respiratory function; prevents alveolar collapse and permits reexpansion following exhalation
circumcision
Surgical procedure in which the prepuce (epithelial layer covering the penis; foreskin) is separated from the glans penis and excised
molding
Overlapping or overriding of the fetal cranial bones to accommodate and conform to the bony and soft parts of the mother’s birth canal during labor
jaundice
Yellow discoloration of the body tissues (skin, sclera, oral mucous membranes) caused by the deposit of bile pigments (unconjugated bilirubin); icterus
epispadias
Defect in which the urethral canal terminates on the dorsal surface of the
penis or above the clitoris (rare)
thermoregulation
Regulation of heat
caput succedaneum
Swelling of the tissue over the presenting part of the fetal
head; caused by pressure during labor
kernicterus
Bilirubin encephalopathy that involves the deposit of unconjugated bilirubin in brain cells; results in neurological damage or death
apnea
Temporary cessation of breathing that lasts more than 20 seconds, associated with
generalized cyanosis
physiologic jaundice
(Nonhemolytic) Yellow tinge to skin and mucous membranes
related to increased serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin, typically occurs after the first 24 to 48 hours of life
simian crease
Single, straight crease that appears in the middle of the palm on one or both hands; may be present in a variety of developmental abnormalities including Down syndrome, Turner’s syndrome, and Klinefelter’s syndrome
cephalhematoma
Extravasation of blood from ruptured vessels between a skull bone and its external covering (the periosteum); hemorrhage does not cross the suture lines; swelling is limited by the margins of the cranial bone affected
meconium
First stools of the infant, characteristically viscid, dark greenish brown, sticky, sterile, and odorless
smegma
Secretion of the sebaceous glands, a thick, cheesy odiferous substance found under the labia minora or under the male prepuce
vernix caseosa
Thick, gray-white cheesy substance that protects the fetal skin from exposure to the amniotic fluid
phimosis
stenosis or narrowness of the preputial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be pushed back over the glans penis. The condition is treated by circumcision

taber's
thrush
oral yeast infection; s/s include white plaques on the surface of the tongue and the buccal membranes
(Candida albicans)
mottling
also called cutis marmorata; is common in neonates and is most often caused by the infant's vasomotor response to the lower environment temperature outside of the uterus.

condition that is marked by discolored areas (taber's)
pseudomenstration
small amounts of blood and whitish mucoid discharge observed while nurse palpates the labia majora and minora, related to the maternal hormones, may be noted in the vaginal area of a neonate.