Dat Biology 6

Front 1

Medulla

Back 1

Controls vital functions like breathing, heart rate, gatrointestinal activity

Front 2

Brainstem

Back 2

Midbrain
pons
Medulla

Front 3

Spinal Cord

Back 3

Conduit for sensory information to brain and motor information from brain
Integates reflexes by itself
Consists of outer white matter area of motor and sensory axons and inner gray matter area containing nerve cell bodies

Front 4

Dorsal Horn

Back 4

Sensory info. enters spinal cord from here

Front 5

Ventral Horn

Back 5

All motor information exits spianl cord from here

Front 6

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 6

Consists of nerves and ganglia, sensory nerves that enter CNS and motor nerves that leave CNS

Front 7

Somatic Nervous System

Back 7

Innervates skeletal muscles and is responsible for voluntary movement

Front 8

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 8

Regulates body's internal environment without conscious control
Innervates cardiac and smooth muscle.
Important in blood pressure control, gastrointestinal motility, excretory processes, respiration and reproductive processes

Front 9

Sympathetic Nervous System

Back 9

Responsible for fight or flight responses. Increases blood pressure and heart rate. Increases blood flow to skeletal muslces and decreases gut motility. Dilates bronchiles to increase gas exchange. Uses norepinephrine as primary transmitter

Front 10

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Back 10

Acts to conserve energy and restore body to resting activity levels following exertion. Lowers heart rate, increases gut motility

Front 11

Vagus Nerve

Back 11

Importan nerve of parasympathetic nervous system.

Front 12

Myopia

Back 12

Nearsightedness
Image is focused on front of retina

Front 13

Hyperopia

Back 13

Farsightedness
Image is focused behind retina

Front 14

Astigmatism

Back 14

Caused by irregularly shaped cornea

Front 15

Cataracts

Back 15

Develp when lens becomes opaque and light cannot enter- blindnes

Front 16

Glaucoma

Back 16

Increase in pressure in eye due to blocking of outflow of aqueous humor

Front 17

External Respiration

Back 17

Entrance of air into lungs and gas exchange between alveoli and blood

Front 18

Internal Respiration

Back 18

Exchange of gas between blood and cells and intracellular processes of respiration

Front 19

Dehydrogenation

Back 19

High energy H atoms are removed from organic molecules during respiration

Front 20

Glycolysis

Back 20

First stage of glucose catabolism. Series of reactions that lead to oxidative breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules, ATP, reduction of NAD+ into NADH
Takes place in cytoplasm

Front 21

Irritability

Back 21

the ability to respond to a stimulus and is part of regulation

Front 22

Prokaryotes (Summary)

Back 22

Bacteria
Hava a Cell wall composed of peptidoglycans
no nucleus
ribosomes (subunits= 30s and 50 s)

No organelles with membranes

Front 23

Eukaryotes (Summary)

Back 23

Protists,Fungi,Plants,Animals
Cell wall present in fungi and plants only
nucleus
ribosomes (subunits=40s and 60s)
Organelles with membranes.

Front 24

How does the Endoplasmic Reticulum aid in cellular transport

Back 24

it provides channels throughout the cytoplasm and provides a direct continuos passageway from the plasma membrane to the nuclear membrane

Front 25

Genotype

Back 25

The genetic makeup of the individual

Front 26

Phenotype

Back 26

the physical manifestation of the genetic make up of an individual

Front 27

Mutation types

Back 27

Addition, substitution, or deletion

Front 28

Guanine and Cytosine form how many hydrogen bonds?

Back 28

3

Front 29

Thymine and Adenine form how many hydrogen bonds

Back 29

2

Front 30

how many amino acids exist

Back 30

20

Front 31

Regulator Gene

Back 31

Codes for the synthesis of the repressor molecule that binds to the operator to block RNA transcription.