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85 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Royal Courts are centers for what?
wealth, prestige, patronage of high culture
Every event at court was an occasion to do what?
demonstrate position or rank
Dancing at courts everywhere is central to the definition and display of what?
power
why have royal courts and dance always been linked?
to define and display their power by organizing court activities which hold people together; the arts needs patrons
How is dancing all over the world similar?
spectacle, conservative qualities, movement
what does it mean that dancing is a spectacle?
costuming is different from everyday wear, very expensive, music is created for the event, procession based on the relationship of the individual to the ruler
what does it mean that dancing is similar in its movement?
conforms to the ideals of deference and respect, predictable (ton of practice) its elegant, deliberate and balanced
who is the king in ghana of the asante people?
asantehene
the asantehene is expected to dance well to display what?
his royal virtues of strength and virility
asantehene moves ____ and _____ and _____ to ____________
slowly, elegantly, and majestically to honor his ancestors
what is drum censorship?
asante people during their festival, if someone makes a faux pas or moves too provocatively, the drummers will stop
Where is java located?
indonesia
what disasters are seasonal in java?
typhoons and floods
what disasters are recurrent but unpredictable in java?
earthquakes and tsunamis
What is the bedoyo?
a tranquil dance that commemorates the marriage of a muslim ruler to the goddess, Queen of the Southern Sea
the god-kings of the 9th and 10th centuries developed a unique blend bw what two religions?
buddhism and hinduism
the linkage of what go back the god-kings of the 9th and 10th centuries?
divinity and royality
what is the essence of the bedoyo dance?
balance and equilibrium
what are some of the characteristics of the bedoyo?
nine dancers are barefoot, wear elaborate costumes, perform in unison, steps are highly stylized, floor patterns flow smoothly from asymmetrical to symmetrical groupings
the wayang wong dance drama spectacles comprise what?
men and women dancing
what are the two distinct styles for the male dancers in the wayang wong dance?
1) abrupt and forceful to display warriors and ogres
2) smooth and flowing for the refined, thoughtful heroes
how far back can the court dances of china be traced back to?
1100 bc when the duke of Chou formulated music and dance to accompany religious rites
who set up the Office of Music and Chinese opera?
emperor Wu during the Han dynasty
how had the chinese opera further developed by the Tang dynasty?
the songs and dances became highly developed with archetypal characters and dance dramas
what is an archetypal character?
something connected to the culture, much more than an icon, deals with psychological and aesthetic content
also during the tang dynasty, the chinese opera was introduced from _____ and ____ into _____ forming the basis of _____
china, korea, japan, bugaku
what do gagaku and bugaku represent?
the world's oldest continuing tradition of court music and dance
what is japan's indigenous religion?
what does it mean?
shinto, continuity
what does the emperor represent in the shinto religion?
the gods as the high priest
in what year were the court musicians and dancers declared living national treasures in gagaku?
1955
why have the royal courts in java, ghana, and japan survived the transition to other forms of government?
their ideals of behavior embodied in their rituals are still viewed as symbols of their culture an national identity
court dances are no onger instruments of political control where?
western europe
what has survived the demise of the court itself has become the basis of what type of dancing?
ballet and ballroom
the use of dance as an instrument of political power in europe had its roots in the court spectacles of ____________
15th century renaissance which is now italy
had it not been for _____ and _____ ballet might have remained a form of court social dancing
louis XIV and catherine de medici
who was catherine de medici's ballet master?
balthasar de beaujoyeaux
what is balthasar attributed to?
the first court ballet Comic de lauren --> a happy dance
what is the italian word for dance?
ballare
ballare gave rise to the word _____ which meant what?
balli, court spectacles
where does the tradition of mass choreograhphy established in renaissance courts still exist today?
england's pageants of state, edinburgh's mlitary tatoo, holiday parades, football half time shows
in the 1600s france's warrior king centered his court at the palace of _________
versaille
the le balle de la nuit louis the xiv portrayed what greek god?
apollo
after portraying apollo what was louis referred to as?
the sun king
in 1661 the king established what with whom?
l'academie royale de la danse with pierre beaushant
what moved ballet towards professionalization during this time?
presented in italian theaters with prosimian arches, downstage raked to upstage--> this separated dancers from the audience and enhanced the positions of the bodies, feet, and legs
during the 18th century, ballets had little content or continuity and was performed through what?
elaborate pantomime
what marked 18th century ballet?
pantomime, cumbersome costumes, big masks, wigs, corsets
who was important in reforming ballet in authenticity and expressiveness?
jean georges noverre
what are the 4 things that noverre published in his book in 1760
1. movement should be technically brilliant and emotionally evocative
2. plots should be unified, logical, and understandable, superfluous dances eliminated
3. the scenery, music, costumes, and plot should be unified and appropriate to theme
4. pantomime needs to be simple, clear, and understandable
what was important about jean Dauberval's la fille mal gardee?
it was about a young girl badly guarded; moved away from plot about gods and godesses
what were the 2 women superstars during the 18th century?
marie camargo and marie salle
what was marie camargo known for?
technician, jumper, she shortened skirts
what was marie salle known for?
actress, expressive, refused to wear a mask
why did the ballet survive the french revolution?
it changed to suit the public
what was the romantic era characterized by?
love of nature, emotion, fantasy, escape from the grim realities of the IR, interest in exoticism, poetic suffering and the supernatural
what does a typical romantic tutu look like?
light weight, diaphanous mid calf
who created the first pointe shoe?
filippo taglioni
what inspired taglioni to invent the first point shoe?
because of his daughter's technique, beauty and talent
what illusion does dancing on point give the audience?
other worldliness, angel, fairy, sprite, (something from the air) it was a Romantic idea
Marie Taglioni expressed ______ while Fanny Elssler expressed ________
spirituality, physicality
who do we associate the danish style of ballet with?
agoose bourneville
who was bourneville's protege?
lucille grahn
what do we also associate with bourneville?
providing equal roles for both male and female dancers
who create giselle? for whom?
jules perrot; carlotta grissi
why is the role of giselle a coveted role among ballerinas?
wide range of dancing (1st act delicate peasant girl; 2nd act she is a will) actress + dancer
what plotless ballet did perrot choreograph?
le grands pas de quatre
who danced in pas de quatre?
taglioni, grissi, grahn, fanny cerrito
the classical period of ballet developed where?
russia
who was the most important classical ballet masters?
maris petipa
what were the typical elements of a petipa ballet?
arial work, pointe work, multiple turns and beats, short tutu, principal dancers, corps de ballet, character dancers
how did petipa's ballet reflect those of another age?
golden age of ballet
ex swan lake, court scene, lake scene --> evil magician turns princesses into swans = Romantic idea
what ballet marked the high point of petipa's formula for choreography?
sleeping beauty
what is the french form of sleeping beauty?
la belle au bois dormant = beauty of the sleeping wood
who was petipa's assistant ballet master?
lev ivanov
what are the three most widely known petipa/tchaikovsky ballets?
sleeping beauty, nutcracker, swan lake
who was the impressario of the early 20th century ballets?
serge diaghilev
who did diaghilev gather in his saloons?
leading composers, artists, choreographers, dancers
picasso, matisse, rousseau, debussy stravinski
how did the work of michel fokine reflect noverre's choreogrphic ideas?
felt ballet's purpose was to reveal emotion instead of physical prowess, all elements should coalesce--> set costumes, music, movements
eliminate mime altogether, movement should tell the story
who choreographed works that stylistically pointed to modern dance?
vaslov nijinsky
who insisted that George Balanchine change his name?
diaghilev in 1924
what were two early ballets that balanchine reset in usa?
apollo and prodigal son
who became synomynous with ballet during the diaghilev era?
anna pavlova
what was pavlova's most famous solo? who choreographed it and who was the composer?
dying swan, fokine, st saens
what are the different schools of ballet?
French, italian, russian, english, danish, american
French =
Italian=
russian=
english=
danish=
american=
paris opera ballet, cechetti, vagonava, royal academy of dance, bourneville, school of american ballet (balanchine)