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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy
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the study of structure and shape in the human body
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Physiology
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the study of how the body, and its parts, work or function
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Atoms
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Tiny building blocks of matter
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Cells
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the smallest units of all living things
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Tissues
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groups of similar cells that have the same function
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Organ
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a structure composed of two or more tissue types
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Organ System
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a group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose
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Organism
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the highest lever of structural organization
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Integumentary System
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the external body covering, or skin
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skeletal system
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consists of bones, cartilages. ligaments and joints
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muscular system
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the skeletal muscles make up the muscular system
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nervous system
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the bodys fast acting control system
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edocerine system
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controls the bodys movements, but more slowly
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cardiovascular system
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carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones,and other substances to and from tissue cells
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lymphatic system
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carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones,and other substances to and from organs
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respiratory system
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keeps the body supplied with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
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digestive system
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a tube running from the mouth to the anus
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urinary system
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removes nitrogen cantaining wastes from the body
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reproductive system
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exists to produce offspring
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movement
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includes all activities promoted by the muscular system
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responsiveness (irritibility)
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the ability to sense changes and react to them
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digestion
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the process of breaking down food into simple molecules
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metabolism
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refers to all chemical reactions that occur within the body
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excretion
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the process of removing wastes from the body
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reproduction
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the production of offspring
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growth
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an incrrease in size
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nutrients
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contain the chemicals used for energy and cell building
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oxygen
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needed for all chemical reactions to take place
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water
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the single most abundant chemical substance in the world
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body temperature
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must be maintained for ideal wellness (98.6)
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atosphereic pressure
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the forced pessure on the serface of the body from te atmosphere
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homeostasis
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the bodys ability to maintain a stable envoirnment
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receptor
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a type of censor thatresponds to changes to the enviornment
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control center
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determines the level to maintain the variable, analyzes, and determines the appropriate response
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effector
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provides the means for the control center response
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Negative feedback mechanisms
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the net response to the stimulus is shut off and the original stimules de-intesifies
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positive feedback mechanisms
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control unfrequent events in the body (blood clotting and birthing)
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homeostatic imbalance
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a result of a disturbance in the bodys homeostasis (usually how one gets ill)
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anatomical position
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the standard position for anatomy for less confusion (erect, feet parallel, palms out)
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directional terms
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used to explain where something is referring to another body part
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abdominal
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anterior body trunk
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acromial
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point of shoulder
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antecubital
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anterior surface of elbow
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axillary
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armpit
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branchial
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arm
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buccal
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cheek
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carpal
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wrist
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cevical
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neck
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coxal
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hip
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crural
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leg
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digital
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finger, toes
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femoral
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thighs
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fibular
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lateral part of leg
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inguinal
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groin
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nasal
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nose
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oral
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mouth
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orbital
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eye
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patellar
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anterior knee
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pelvic
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anterior pelvis
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pubic
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genetial
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sternal
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breastbone
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tarsal
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ankle
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thoracic
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chest
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umbilical
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navel
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cephalic
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head
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deltoid
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curve of shoulder
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gluteal
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buttcok
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lumbar
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between ribs and hips (on back)
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occipital
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posterior surface of head
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popliteal
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posterior knee
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sacral
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between hips
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scapular
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shoulder blade
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sural
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calf
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vertebral
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spinal
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section
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cut
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plane
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an imaginary line
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sagittal section
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a cut made lengthwise (dividing into left and right)
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midsagittal/median section
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left and right parts are equal
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frontal/coronal section
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cut from front to back
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transverse section
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top and bottom cut
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dorsal cavity
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2 parts
canial-inside head spinal-the spine |
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ventral cavity
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contains all structures within the chest and abdomen
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thoracic cavity
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contains the diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle
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abdominopelvic cavity
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contains stomach, liver intestines and other organs and pelvic cavity, with the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum
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umbilical region
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naval region
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epigastric region
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supirior to umbilical V
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pubic region
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inferior to umbilical region
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inguinal regions
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lateral to the hypogastric region
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lumbar region
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lateral to the umbilical region
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hypocandriac region
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contains the lower ribs
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