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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rote learning
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memorization by mechanical repitition
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criterion performance
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the goal
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ebbinghaus
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non sense syllables
empirical investigation of memory |
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explicit memory
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concious effort to encode or recover info through memory
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implicit
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available info without concious effort to recover
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declarative
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recollection of facts and events
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procedural
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how to do things
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knowledge compilation
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as a consequence of practice you are able to carry out longer sequences of the activity without concious intervention
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encoding
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processing of info that leads to a representation in nmemory
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storage
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retention over time of encoded material
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retrieval
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recovery at a later time of stored info
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sensory memory
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preserves accurate representations of the physical features of sensory stimuli for a few seconds or less
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photographic memory
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in children, eidetic
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echoic memory
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briefly preserves more info than ppl can report before it fades away
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STM
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mechanism for focusing cognitive resources on some small set of mental representations
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memory span
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active info
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working memory
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execute mental operations to accomplish an efficient search
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maintenence rehearsal
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keep repeating
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distractor task
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won't let you rehearse
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chunking
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put in meaningful units of info
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phonological loop
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holds and manipulates speech based info, overlaps with STM
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visuospatial sketchpad
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same as phono loop for visual and spatial
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central executive
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controls attention and coordinates info from visuo and phono
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long term memory
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storehouse of experiences, events, info, emotions, skills, words, categories, rules and judgements from STM and sensory
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encoding specificity
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retrieval enhanced if cues at encoding match cues at retrieval
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primacy effect vs. recency effect
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remember the beginning/remembr the end
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contextual distinctiveness
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serial position effect can be altered by the context and distinctiveness of the experience being recalled
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recall
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reproduce info
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recognition
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recognize the stimulus
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episodic
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events you specifically experience
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semantic
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generic memories E=mc2
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proactive
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past info makes it hard to remember new
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retroactive
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new info makes it hard to remmeber old
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transfer appropriate processing perspective
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memory is best when types of mem carried out at encoding transfers to the processes required at retrieval
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word frag completion
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_ni_or_
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word stem
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uni___
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word id
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cant see flashed words clearly
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anagrams
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corunni
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priming
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first experience primes memory for later experience
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elaborative rehearsal
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concentrate on elaborating to enrich encoding
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mnemonics
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encode long facts by association with previously encoded info
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method of loci
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groceries on the route to school
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peg word method
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one is bun
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metamemory
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cognition about memory, knowledge of memory abilities
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feelings of knowing
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reliable, subjective sensations that this is stored in memory
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cue familiiarity hypothesis
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base feelings of knowing on familiarity of retrieval cues
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accessibility hypothesis
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base judgements of accessibility on partial info from memory
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concepts
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mental representaitons of the categories you form
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prototypes
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typical average across experiences
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typicality
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extent to which prototype is matched determines rate of response
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basic level
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hierarchy at which people best categorize and thing about objects
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schemas
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conceptual frame works of knowledge regarding objects and situations
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leveling
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simplifying story
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sharpening
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highlighting, overall emphasis
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assimilating
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change details to fit background details
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engram
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physical memory representation
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anterogade
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no explicit memory since amnesia
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retrogade
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cant access old memories
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