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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bone Marrow:
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*Primary site of Hematopoiesis;
*site of: B-Cell development; *site of: Antibody-Production |
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Thymus:
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site of: T-Cell selection & development
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Spleen:
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*2nd-ary Lymphoid Tissue;
*site of: Antigen Recognition & Lymphocyte clone Proliferation * site of: Antibody Production |
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Lymph Nodes:
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*2nd-ary Lymphoid Tissue;
*site of: Antigen Recognition & Lymphocyte clone Proliferation * site of: Antibody Production |
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Mucosal Lymphatic Tissue:
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*2nd-ary Lymphoid Tissue;
*site of: Antigen Recognition & Lymphocyte clone Proliferation * site of: Antibody Production |
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T-Cells:
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serve as: Helper, Regulator, & Killer cells
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B-Cells:
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*ANTIBODY-Producing Cells (aka: PLASMA CELLS);
*also act as (APCs) Antigen-Presenting Cells |
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NK-Cells (Natural Killer):
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kill TUMOR cells & VIRUS-infected cells
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(APC's) Antigen-Presenting Cells:
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*present-->Antigenic-Peptides for T-Cell recognition;
*1)Dendritic Cells, 2) Macrophages, & 3) B-Cells |
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Dendritic Cells:
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*ubiquitous (in tissues & organs)
*Primary (APC) for naive T-Cells |
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Macrophages:
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*derived from: blood Monocytes;
*Highly Phagocytic; * (APC) antigen-presenting cell |
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Neutrophils:
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*most abundant type of Leukocyte (WBC) in blood;
*Phagocytic; *Primary cell in ACUTE inflamm. |
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Eosinophil:
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*normally <<3% of blood Leukocytes (WBCs);
*often INCREASE in: ALLERGY & PARASITIC WORM infections |
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Mast Cells:
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*tissue-resident;
*RELEASE---> Histamine & other Pro-inflamm. Mediators |
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(MHC) Major Histocompatibility- Complex
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* Class I & II Molecules;
* identify "Self"; * differences in these Molecules leads to REJECTION of transplanted organ; * Prim. role= display Antigenic Peptides for T-Cell recognition |
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CD Molecules:
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*a nomenclature system for mainly Cell Surface Proteins that may help classify cell subsets; (EX. CD4 Protein= identifies HELPER T-Cells)
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(CAM's) Cell Adhesion Molecule
(*** Ex. INTEGRINS) |
*cell-surface molecules that facilitate cell-to-cell signaling;
*also play Maj. role in determining cellular movement & migration |
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receptors:
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*cell-surface GLYCOPROTEINS that bind--> specific Ligands! (Ex. the T-Cell Receptor that binds specifically to an Antigenic Peptide);
*there are also: Fc-receptors, Complement Receptors |
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Antibody:
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*Glycoproteins
produced by: B-CELLS that bind to--> ANTIGEN (Ag); *IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM |
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Cytokines:
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*small communication molecules that go btwn. cells
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Complement:
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*PLASMA PROTEINS that act as: OPSONINS
*facilitate: Inflamm. & Lysis target Microbes |
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3 Soluble Factors:
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1) Antibodies (Ab),
2) Cytokines, & 3) Complement |
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4 Cell-Surface Proteins:
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1) MHC,
2) CD-molecules, 3) CAM, 4) Receptors |
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5 different Cell Types:
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1) Lymphocytes,
2) (APC), 3) Neutrophils, 4) Eosinophils, & 5) Mast Cells |
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3 types of Lymphocytes:
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1) T-cells,
2) B-cells, 3) NK-cells |
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5 Organs:
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1) Bone Marrow,
2) Thymus, 3) Spleen, 4) Lymph Nodes, 5) Mucosal Lymphatic Tissue |
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CD1
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*present--> NON-peptide Antigens(Ag) (Lipid & Glycolipid to some T-Cells) From: 1) Dendritic Cells & 2) Thymocytes
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CD2
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*Adhesion Molecules that binds CD-58 (on T-Cells, Thymocytes, & NK-Cells)
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CD3
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*Expressed on: T-Cells & Thymocytes
*signal transduction by the TCR |
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CD4
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*expressed on T-Cell Subset, Monocytes, Macs.
* Signals & adheres Co-receptors that binds to ---> Class II (MHCs) |
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CD8
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*Expressed by: T-Cell Subset & Thymocytes;
*Signaling & Adhesion |
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CD10
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*Expressed by: immature & some mature B-Cells;
*metalloproteinase |
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CD14
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*Expressed by: 1) Monocytes & 2) MACs;
*Binds: LPS + LPS-Binding Protein, Mac-ACTIVATION |
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CD16a
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*Expressed by: 1) NK-Cells, 2)Macs, & 3) Mast Cells
*Immune-Complex-induced cellular Activation; *ADCC |
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CD19
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*Expressed by: Most B-Cells;
*B-Cell Activation; *CO-receptor w/ CD21 & CD81 |
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CD20
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*Expressed by: ALL B-Cells;
*Activates--> C++Channel & other things unknown |
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CD21
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*expressed by: MATURE B-Cells, EDC;
*Receptor for C3d; *part of CO-Receptor w/ CD19 & CD81 |
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CD25
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*expressed by: ACTIVATED T & B-Cells;
*it is a IL-2 Receptor Alpha-Chain |
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CD28
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*expressed by: T-Cells;
*Binds B7-1 & B7-2 as CO-Stimulator |
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CD34
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*expressed by: Hematopoietic Stem Cells;
*helps w/ Adhesion & Binds to-------->CD62L |
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CD40
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*expressed by: 1) B-Cells, 2)MACs, 3) Dc, & 4) Endothelim
*Binds-->CD40L (on T-Cells) to provide T-cell help; *Mac-ACTIVATION |
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CD80
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*aka: B7-1
*ON (APC), Binds to--> CD28 to turn T-Cells ON |
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CD86
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*aka: B7-2
*on (APC) binds to---> CD28 to turn T-Cell ON |
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CD152
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*aka: CTLA-4;
*on (APC) binds to---> CD28 to turn T-Cell OFF |
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CD154
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*aka: CD40 Ligand;
*On T-cell Binds to---> B-cell CD40 |
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Histamine:
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1) VasoDILATE
2) INCREASE Mucus |
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Prostaglandins:
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1) VasoDILATE
2) INCR. Permeability |
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Leukotrienes:
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1) INCR. Mucus
2) BronchoCONSTRICTION |
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Chemokines:
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*Attract cells to site
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(PAF) Platelet-Activating Factor
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*CHEMOTAXIS,
Activate---->PMN (Granulocytes) |
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Enzymatic Mediators:
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1) cell movement
2) damage & repair of tissue |
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C3a, C4a:
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*INCR. vasoDILATION,
*INCR. Permeability, *Anaphylatoxin, *Phagocyte recruitment |
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C5a:
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*INCR. vasoDILAT. & Permeability,
*Anaphylatoxin, *chemotactic Factor, *Phagocyte Recruitment |
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erythropoietin:
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Erythrocytes
(RBCs) Red Blood Cells |
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(TNF) Tissue Necrosis Factor
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*triggers----> Apoptosis
*INCREASE---> (CAM) Fever & Cytokines |
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IL-1
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***Fever
*Activate--->ENDOthelium (attract Neutrophils) |
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IL-2
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* T-Cell growth,
* T%B Proliferation, * NK-Proliferation |
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IL-3
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*growth of EARLY Hematopoietic PROGENITOR Cells
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IL-4
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*made by: TH2;
* B-Cell Proliferation; * IgE Production |
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IL-5
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*made by: TH2 & Mast Cells;
* B-Cell growth, * Antibody Secretion, * Eosinophil-Activation |
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IL-6:
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* Fever, Acute Phase Response
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IL-8:
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Chemotaxis!!
(Recruit NEUTROPHILS) |
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IL-10
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*made by: Macrophages & TH2
*INHIBITS---> Macrophage & Dendritic Cells |
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IL-12
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*made by: Macrophages & Dendrites;
*Differentiation (of T-cells); * INCR.---> NK-toxins; *ANTIangiogenic; *STIM's---->INF-Gamma & TH1 Production! |
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IL-17:
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*induces---> inflammatory Cytokines & PMN recruitment
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INF-alpha:
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**Type I
*ANTIviral |
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INF-beta:
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**Type I
*ANTIviral |
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INF-gamma:
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**Type II (2)
*Macrophage & NK-Activation; *IgG, B, & MHC Production! |
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G-CSF:
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*STIM's----> 1) Granulocytes &
2) Stem Cells |
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M-CSF:
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*STIM's----> 1) Monocytes &
2) Macrophages |
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GM-CSF:
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*STIM's----> 1) Granulocytes &
2) Monocytes |
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TGF-beta:
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*INHIBITORY of: Macrophage
T/B; *ANTI-inflammatory, *** IgA |
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IgM:
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**Complement-Activation
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IgG:
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* Fc-Receptor-Dependent Phagocyte Responses;
*Complement-Activation; * Neonatal Immunity (Placental transfer) |
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IgE:
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*immunity against Parasites, environmental allergens, Mast Cell DEgranulation (immediate HYPERsensitivity)
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IgA:
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**Mucosal immunity transfer of IgA through Epithelia
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immunoglobulin which is passed through the Placenta?
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IgG 1, 2, 3, & 4
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Chemokines:
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cause cell to move in certain direction
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IL-13:
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*made by: TH2;
*B-Cell Proliferation; *IgE Production |
