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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Characteristics of muscular microfilaments
- stable, hexagonal crystalline array of actin=thin and myosin=thick
-highly ordered sarcomeric units
-Electric signal causes Ca2+ to release and contract myofibril?
Characteristics of non-muscular microfilaments
-Highly dynamic, less-ordered arrays
1- 10% of all proteins, also single cell orgs
- Used in epithilia, endothelial, fibroblasts, nerve, blood cells
- functions- cell shape, structure, polarity, vesicle movement, trafficking
Actin
- Microfilaments are made of helical actin arrays
- Structually and functionally well conserved-
actin binding sites to copolymerize,
myosin sites ,
tropomyosin binding sites
Actin polymerization process
monomers- nucleation- elongation- steady-state equilibrium

G-actin is globular
F-actin is filamentous
Factors of actin filament assembly
salt K+/Mg2+
ATP
Actin
Protein that adds on actin monomers to a filament
formin dimer
Template for actin synthesis
ARP complex, 2-3 which are activated by some other facter
Lines up on actin at 70 degree angle
Functions and specializations of non-muscle microfilaments
-Cell cortex- structural rigidity and stabilize plasma membrane
- stress fibers- create tension in fibroblasts and endothelial cells
- Cell surface extension- filibodia, etc. increase surface area of cell and can probe environment, some mobile activity
- Stereocilia- detect sound waves in ear.

Some mesh-like activity is crucial
Different types of actin tension structures
contractile bundle in cell skeleton
gel-like network in cortex
tight parallel bundle in filipodium
Components of focal adhesion
specific way to bind to ECM
fibronectin, paxillin, talin, vinculin
f-actin and alpha- actin
capping protein
plasma membrain
RHO family of GTPases that regulate actin filament
Cdc42- filipodia
Rac1- lamellipodia - activates RHG
Rho- stress fibers

1st column act in a cascade