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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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IL-1 and TNF (synergistic)
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Source of IL-1 = macrophages
- important role in inflammation - activate macrophages to secrete cytokines (IL-1,6,12,TNF) and chemokines (IL-8 and MCP-1) - activate endothelial cells leading to ----->De Novo expression of: ICAM-1, VCAM-2, and E-selectin ----->Enhanced expression of ICAM-2 ----->Secretion of chemokines IL-8 and MCP-1 -act on hypothalamus to induce fever and play a key role in lowering of blood pressure leading to shock |
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TNF alone
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Source: Macrophages and Th1
-TNF enhances NADPH oxidase activity -Activates iNOS |
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IL-2
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Source: Thp, Th0, Th1
Growth factor for T cells Enhances NK cell cytotoxicity Plays role in pCTL-->CTL INHIBITORY for Th17 cells |
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IL-3
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Source: T cells
Hematopoiesis -- important for BOTH myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cell development |
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IL-4
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Source: Mast cells, Th0, Th2
Required to isotype switch to IgE Down regulation of Th1 AND iNOS (not as effective as TGF-beta) Shifts Th0 response to Th2 |
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IL-5
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Source: Mast cells, Th2
Hematopoiesis - differentiation to eosinophils chemotactic for eosinophils; recruiting eosinophils to tissues activation of eosinophils |
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IL-6
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Source: macrophages, Th2
stimulus for secretion of C-reactive protein from hepatocytes (inflammation) in presence of TGF-beta, IL-6: Th0-->Th17 |
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IL-7
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Source: Bone Marrow stromal cells
Hematopoiesis - Bone marrow and Thymus |
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IL-10
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Source: Th2
Down regulates IL-12 secretion by dendritic cells and macrophages (leads to down regulation of Th1 cytokines) Down regulates iNOS (not as effective as TGF-beta) |
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IL-12
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Source: macrophages, dendritic cells
Activates NK cells to secrete IFN-gamma |
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IFN-gamma
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Source: NK, Th0, Th1
Activates iNOS Enhances activation of NADPH oxidase Down regulates production of Th2 cytokines Critical for Th0 -->Th1 phenotype Along with IL-2: pCTL-->CTL Enhances expression of Class I MHC on nucleated cells Enhances expression of Class II MHC on antigen presenting cells |
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IFN-alpha and IFN-beta
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Source: Cells infected with viruses that produce dsRNA
Trigger production of enzymes (2'5'oligoadenylate synthetase) Inhibition of T cell proliferation Increase expression of Class I MHC on nucleated cells |
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TGF-beta
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Source: Th2
**Down regulation of iNOS** Critical for differentiation of Th0-->a/I Tregs WHEN PRESENT WITH IL-6 critical for differentiation of Th0-->Th17 |
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IL-17A and IL-17F
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Source: Th17
Functionally: induce expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines from a wide range of cells (eg: IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and metalloproteinases from macrophages and other cell types Autoimmune disorders if Th17 cells specific for self antigen IL-17A is chemotactic (direct mvmnt according to chemicals) for neutrophils |
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IL-21
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Source: Th17
In presence of TFG-beta, plays a role in: Th0-->Th17 Growth factor of Th17 |
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IL-22
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Source: Th17
Proinflammatory |
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GM-CSF
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Source: macrophages, T cells
Role in hematopoiesis Role in differentiation of myeloid progenitor to GM-progenitor |
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G-CSF
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Source: macrophages
Role in hematopoiesis Role in differentiation of GM progenitor to granulocyte/neutrophil |
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M-CSF
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Source: macrophages
Role in hematopoiesis Role in differentiation of GM progenitor to monocyte |
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IL-8 (CXCL8)
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Chemokine that is chemotactic for neutrophils
Source = Macrophages and Endothelial cells |
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MCP-1 (CCL2)
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Chemokine that is chemotactic for monocytes
Source = macrophages and enothelial cells |
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Eotaxin (CCL11)
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Chemokine that is chemotactic for eosinophils
Source = Epithelial cells and Fibroblasts |
