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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acute dysmenorrhea |
sudden onset, not experience with every menstrual cycle & may be serious (i.e. ectopic pregnancy or appendicitis) |
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Cyclic dysmenorrhea |
occurs repetitively in a specific phase of the cycle |
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Mittelschmerz |
painful ovulation |
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what happens with mittelschmerz? |
between periods, a follicle ruptures during ovulation with the fluid and blood going into there peritoneal space |
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how long does mittelschmerz occur? |
a few hours to days (may have slight vaginal bleeding) |
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pain and treatment of mittelschmerz? |
sharp pain felt on right or left side tx with mild analgesics |
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who does primary dysmenorrhea (cramps) affect? |
young nulliparous women |
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onset of primary dysmenorrhea? |
1-3 years after menstruation |
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what causes primary dysmenorrhea? |
spasmodic/colicky due to increase prostaglandin secretion |
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what are the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea? |
N/V, loose stools, or dizziness |
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Management of primary dysmenorrhea? |
Oral contraceptives (dec. endometrial growth), NSAIDS (around the clock for 48-72 hours when flow starts) Comfortable position, warmth, chocolate |
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What is endometriosis? |
tissue present outside the uterus that resembles the endometrium in structure and function |
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What happens with menstruation with endometriosis? |
menstruation from lesions occurs in a closed cavity and causes pressure and pain; prostaglandins secreted irritate nerve endings and stimulate uterine contractions further increasing pain; inflammation (makes conception difficult) |
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What age does endometriosis occur and what challenges could it have for this age group> |
30s, nulliparous, infertility problems |
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can endometriosis be asymptomatic? |
yes |
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when do s/s with endometriosis regress? |
after menopause, unless taking estrogen supplements |
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what are the 2 major signs of endometriosis? |
cyclic pain and infertility (r/t inflammation) |
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how is the pain of endometriosis described? |
constant, dyspareunia common, rectal pain common |
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what is treatment of endometriosis based on? |
desire to maintain fertility, symptom severity, age, affect on other organs |
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what is the medical treatment for endometriosis? |
continuous oral contraceptives to suppress overgrowth of tissues (depoprovera) |
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what is the surgical treatment for endometriosis? |
Laparoscopy for lysis/laser vaporization of lesions (used when infertility is the problem) Hysterectomy for women with severe pain not wanting to have children (appendix is often also removed) |
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where are common sites of endometriosis? |
fallopian tube, small and large intestine, broad ligaments, uterosacral ligaments, cul-de-sac, ovary, uterovesical fold |
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What does Lupron & Synarel do for endometriosis management? |
interferes with the hormones needed for ovulation and the menstrual cycle causing "pseudo menopause" while taking these; only taken between 3-6mo |
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criteria to meet the diagnosis of PMS? |
cyclic and recur in the luteal phase (after ovulation); symptom free in the follicular phase (before ovulation); severe enough to impact daily life |
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meds for PMS |
NSAIDS, vitamin E & primrose oil (breast pain), antidepressants, oral contraceptives, estrogen (migraines) |
