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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
eclipse that occurs when the Earth's shadow falls on the moon
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lunar eclipse
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What is this a picture of?
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lunar eclipse
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eclipse that occurs when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth
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solar eclipse
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What is this a picture of?
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solar eclipse
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occurs when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth
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solar eclipse
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occurs when the moon passes directly between the sun and earth and casts a shadow over part of earth
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solar eclipse
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describes phases following a new moon as more of the moons lighted side becomes visible (getting bigger)
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waxing
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describes phases that occur after a full moon, as the visible lighted side of the moon grows smaller
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waning
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phase that occurs when all the moons surface facing earth reflects light
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full moon
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phase that occurs when the moon can not be seen because it is between the sun and earth and the dark side is facing earth
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new moon
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What phase is this?
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waxing crescent
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What phase is this?
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waning crescent
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What phase is this?
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waning gibbous
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What phase is this?
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waxing gibbous
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What phase is this?
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half moon, first quarter, or last quarter
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the pattern of phases the moon goes through as it revolves around earth
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lunar cycle
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the amount of time that it takes the moon to go through one complete cycle
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29.5 days or about a month
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spinning of earth on its imaginary axis
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rotation
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rotation causes __________
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day and night
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How long does it take the earth to make one complete turn or rotation?
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1 day or 24 hours
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earth's elliptical orbit around the sun
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revolution
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How long does it take earth to make one complete revolution?
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365 days or 1 year
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rhythmic rise and fall in sea level created by the gravitational attraction of Earth, moon, and sun
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tide
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day when the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator
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solstice
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longest day of the year
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summer solstice
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shortest day of the year
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winter solstice
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occurs when the sun is directly above the earth's equator
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equinox
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occurs during the fall when the number of daylight hours are equal to the number of nighttime hours
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autumnal equinox
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occurs during the spring when the number of daylight hours are equal to the number of nighttime hours
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vernal equinox
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this causes the earth to have seasons
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tilting of earth
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this place on earth has the same temperatures all year long because it receives the same amount of sunlight all year long
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areas around the equator
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hemisphere that is receiving more direct rays at a higher angle from the sun is having what type of season
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summer
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hemisphere that is receiving less direct rays at a lower angle from the sun is having what type of season
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winter
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What kind of tide would we expect to have?
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neap tide or low tide
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What type of tide would you expect to have?
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spring tide or high tides
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the continuous process by which water moves from earth's surface to the atmosphere and back
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water cycle
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process by which nitrogen is removed from the atmosphere fixed in the soil by bacteria, incorporated into other living things, and then released back into the atmosphere
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nitrogen cycle
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process in which carbon is transferred from living and nonliving things back into the atmosphere
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carbon dioxide cycle
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series of processes on the surface and inside earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
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rock cycle
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process by which a liquid absorbs energy and turns into a gas
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evaporation
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process of water being evaporated from leaves
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transpiration
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matter changing from a gaseous state to a liquid state by the removal of energy
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condensation
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forms of water that falls from clouds and reaches earth's surface
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precipitation
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organism that breaks down tissue and releases nutrients and carbon dioxide back into the ecosystem
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decomposer
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organisms that changes the nitrogen in the soil into a form of nitrogen that plants can use
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nitrogen-fixing bacteria
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changes nitrogen in the air to nitrates which is a form of nitrogen that plants can use
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lightning
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series of chemical processes in which oxygen combines with food molecules, energy is released, and carbon dioxide and water are given off as wastes
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cellular respiration
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process by which organisms use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make food and oxygen
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photosynthesis
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layers of small sediments are compressed by the weight of layers above them
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compaction
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process in which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces
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weathering
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movement of weathered material by either: wind, ice, water, or gravity
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erosion
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process in which sediments are held together natural cements that are produced when water soaks through rock and soil
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cementation
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process by which the sediments settle out of the wind, water, or gravity that is carrying it and is deposited in a new location
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deposition
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rocks that are formed from the cooling of magma
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igneous rock
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rocks that are formed from extreme heat and pressure
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metamorphic rock
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rocks formed from cementation and compaction
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sedimentary rock
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igneous rocks that are formed from lava on Earth's surface
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extrusive
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igneous rocks that are formed when magma hardens beneath earth's surface
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intrusive
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thick gooey molten rock material that flows on earth's surface
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lava
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hot, molten rock material that is found beneath earth's surface
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magma
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process of burning materials, such as fossil fuels
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combustion
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loose material that have been broken down and moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity
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sediments
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