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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Extrinsic control
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Hormones and nerves
(volume independent) |
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Intrinsic control
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Auto-regulation
(volume dependent) |
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Ionotropic effects
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Changes in contractility
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Chronotropic effects
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Changes in rate
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Heterotrophic autoregulation
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"Frank-Starling mechanism of heart"
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Preload
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Volume entering heart during diastole
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Afterload
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Volume at the end of beat
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Affect LV more than RV, increased m and v of ventricles, impaired systolic function, S3 heart sound
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Dilated cardiomyopathy
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Decreased diastolic filling, increased rigidity of ventricular wall
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Restrictive (Constrictive cardiomyopathy)
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Thickening of myocardial tissue of wall with abnormal fiber architecture, S4 heart sound
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Hypertropic cardiomyopathy
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Vasoconstrictors
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A - Angiotensin II
P - Prostaglandin PGF2 E - Endothelin T - Thromboxane V - Vasopression |
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Vasodilators
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P - Prostaglandin PGE2
A - Atrial Natriuretic Peptide N - Norepinephrine/epinephrine P - Prostacyclin A - Adenosine N - Nitric oxide C - CO2, lactic acid and other metabolites |
