Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children?
|
kawasaki syndrome
|
|
|
What populations are most affected by kawasaki syndrome?
|
1. <5 y/o
2. boys>girls 3. asians>blacks>whites |
|
|
What are the s/s of kawasaki syndrome?
|
1. fever >5 days
2. polymorphous rash 3. erythema of oral membranes 4. indurative edema of hands and feet 5. cervical lymphadenopathy 6. non-purulent conjunctivitis 7. acute and often toxic presentation |
|
|
What may happen if kawasaki syndrome is left untreated?
|
1. MI
2. sudden death 3. ischemic heart disease 4. coronary artery aneurysm |
|
|
What might the ECG look like in kawasaki syndrome?
|
tachycardia w/flattened t-waves
|
|
|
When will child develop s/s in kawasaki syndrome?
|
day 3 (cardiac at day 12)
|
|
|
What drugs are used to treat kawasaki syndrome?
|
1. IVIG over 24 hours
2. high dose ASA at first, then low dose for 6-8 weeks |
|
|
To diagnose kawasaki syndrome, you must have fever >5 days and what else?
|
4 other symptoms
|
|
|
How does kawasaki syndrome differ from drug reactions? JRA? Measles?
|
1. drug reactions are afebrile
2. JRA low grade temp that peaks with rash 3. measles are exudative |
|
|
What is the second most common acquired heart disease in childhood?
|
rheumatic heart disease
|
|
|
What is the latency period following infection for rheumatic heart disease?
|
3 weeks
|
|
|
What is the offending organism that causes rheumatic heart disease?
|
group A beta-hemolytic strep
|
|
|
What are high risk groups for developing RHD?
|
1. family incidence
2. age 6-15 3. low socioeconomic status |
|
|
What are the 5 major Jones' criteria?
|
1. arthritis
2. carditis 3. chorea 4. erythema marginatum 5. SQ nodules |
|
|
What are the minor Jones' criteria?
|
1. arthralgia
2. fever of 38 C 3. elevated ESR and CRP 4. prolonged PR interval |
|
|
In addition to Jones' criteria, what must be documented in order to diagnose RHD?
|
prior strep infection
|
|
|
What is the most common valve affected in carditis? What is most severe valve?
|
1. mitral valve
2. aortic valve |
|
|
Arthritis seen in RHD occurs in which joints?
|
large joints
|
|
|
What rash is virtually diagnostic of RHD?
|
erythema marginatum
|
|
|
What does EM look like?
|
1. nonpuritic, macular rash
2. serpiginous border surrounding normal skin 3. seen on trunk and proximal limbs |
|
|
SQ nodules in RHD are where?
|
extensor surfaces
|
|
|
What Jones' criteria will diagnose RHD?
|
2 major and 1 minor or 2 minor and 1 major (and must have had prior strep infection)
|
|
|
What is the treatment for RHD?
|
1. antibiotics
2. ASA 3. prednisone if severe carditis is present |
|
|
What is rheumatic fever prophylaxis? Carditis?
|
1. antibiotics until age 21-25 if not in high risk group
2. for life |
|
|
An overweight adolescent has what chance of being overweight as an adult?
|
70% chance
|
|
|
Children who have family history of hyperlipidemia or early CV disease should have lipids drawn how often?
|
start at age 2, then every 3-5 years after
|
|
|
Lipid lowering agents should be considered in peds with LDL>190 and what age?
|
8 y/o
|
