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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_______ raise blood cholesterol more than any other dietary component
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saturated fats
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T or F. lauric and stearic acids do NOT raise cholesterol as much as myristic and plamitic acids
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true
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for patients with heart disease, DM, or absnomal lipids, saturated fats should be limited to ____% of total calorie intake
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7%
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list a few food with high saturated fats
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whole milk
dairy in general brats beef meat in general |
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cholesterol levels rise an average of ___ mg for every 100 mcg dietary cholesterol consumed
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2.4
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T or F. dietary saturated fats is much more variable than influence of dietary choelsterol on serum lipids
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FALSE.
saturated fats are more predictable in relationship to cholesterol... why you should focus on dietary sat fats instead of dietary cholesterol |
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patients wiht hear disease, DM, or elvated lipids shoudl be limiting cholesterol intake to ___ per day or less
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200mg
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what foods should you avoid to stay under 200mg cholesterol per day
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eggs
liver shrimp |
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in addition to raising LDLC, trans fats may decrease ___ nd raise lipoA and increase inflammation
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HDL
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dietary guidelines say trans fat should be what percent of calories
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1% or less
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sub of _____ for saturated and trans fats is recommended to reduce LDLC WITHOUT lowering HDLC
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unsat
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_____ fats are predominant in olive oils and avocados
____ fats are in corn, safflower, and sunflower oil |
monounsat
polyunsat |
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since all fats are calorically dense, unsaturated fats should make up what % of total calorie intake
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15-25%
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what are the active ingredients of fish oils and how much do u need for TG benefit
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EPA DHA
3-4 for management of TG |
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a fiber intake of ___ to __ grams per day is recommended
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20-30g
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____ fiber can reduce LDLC and blood sugar levels
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viscous
water soluble |
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____ fibers tned to slow gastric emptying and maintian fullness
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soluble
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how do soluble fibers decrease cholesterol production
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in small intestine, interfere with absorption of carbs, lipids, proteins and thereby reduce insulin. This means less HMGCOa RED and overall less cholesterol
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the recommended 20-30 g of fiber can be obtained from...
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5 + servings fruits and veggies
6 servings of grain roducts |
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what are some good sources of viscous fiber
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legumes
beans peas |
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what is psyllium
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fiber supplement for LDLC reduction
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larger doses of plant staneol and sterols may reduce ____ by 5-15% by interfering with absorption of cholesterol fromthe gut
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LDLC
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excess calories lead to overproduction of ___
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VLDL
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whats wrong with carbs?
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increase TG and decrease HDL
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no more than __% of calories shoul come from
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carbs
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_____ increases produciton of hepatic TG and increases secretion of VLDL
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alcohol
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who is the step one diet for
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general public
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what diet is for elevated LDL, metabolic syndrome, or low HDL?
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TLC
Med |
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What are the take homes of TLC and med diet?
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less saturated fat 7%
less cholesterol 200mg |
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med diet emphasizes what kind of fat
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monounsat
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what is take home very low fat diet
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<10% calories from fat
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define metabolic syndrome
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need three
TG >150 Sugar >100 BP > 130/85 HDL <40 or <50 waist circumference >40 or >35 (or on meds) |
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who might ahve increased sodium sensitivity
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females
elderly abdominal obesity blacks DM FH hypertension |
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what are the bold points of the DASH diet
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8-10 servings fruits and veggies
2-3 servings low fat dairy 1500-2400mg sodium (aka low sat fat, high fiber diet) |
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what is sodium restriction for heart failure
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1500-2000
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