Culture (Cleopatra)

Front 1

69

Back 1

Cleopatra born

Front 2

55

Back 2

~Cleopatra's elder sister, Berenice, Seizes the throne from their father. ~Marc Antony leads a Roman army against Berenice (and meets cleopatra for the first time)

Front 3

52

Back 3

Cleopatra, at 17, forced to marry her brother, Ptolemy (age 10)

Front 4

**48

Back 4

~Cleopatra flees to Syria, raises an army
~Battle of Pharsalus: Julius caesar goes to Alexandria, egypt (to collect the dead Ptolemy's debts)is presented with Pompey's head, meets and falls in love with Cleopatra (rolled in a carpet)

Front 5

47

Back 5

Birth of Caesarion

Front 6

**44

Back 6

~Julius Caesar assasinated
~Cleopatra returns to Egypt

Front 7

**42

Back 7

~Mark Antony and Cleopatra meet in Tarsus (in modern day Turkey)-> love affair
~Cleopatra bears him twins

Front 8

**40

Back 8

~Treaty of Brundisium
~Antony marries Octavia

Front 9

37

Back 9

Antony abandons Octavia and hooks up with Cleopatra

Front 10

**36

Back 10

~Cleopatra helps Antony with money and siege equipment in Parthia
~In Alexandria, birth of 3rd child
~Agrippa defeats Sextus pompeius
~Horace's first book of satires published

Front 11

**33

Back 11

~Antony divorces Octavia
~Maecenas gives horace the Sabine farm
~"Donation of Alexandria" at their official wedding. Antony gives cleopatra ("queen of queens") and children (caesarion "king of kings") most of the privinces of the Eastern empire

Front 12

32

Back 12

Rome declares war on cleopatra

Front 13

**31

Back 13

~Battle of Actium-> Antony overconfident in his abilities and Cleopatra's resources -> defeated by Octavians general Agrippa.
->Cleopatra fled with her fleet (and Antony's war chest) back to Egypt, Antony followed

Front 14

30

Back 14

~Cleopatra imprisons herself in Mausoleum of the temple of isis.
~Antony thinks she has died and stabs himself in the stomach
~He is hoisted into the tower and dies in her arms
Cleopatra commits suicide
~Horace's epodes published

Front 15

Cleopatra: according to the Greek biographer, Plutarch

Back 15

a)scholar: spoke 7 languages, fluent in Greek and latin
b) mother: 4 children
c)ambitious leader of her people

Front 16

Character of Cleopatra: according to the Romans

Back 16

a)conniving harlot: rolled herself in a carpet
b)17th C French writer Blaise Pascal: "if Cleopatra's nose had been shorter, the whole history of the world would have been different

Front 17

Character of Mark Antony

Back 17

a) besotted with Cleopatra? Wanted her for money/her empire?
b) reputation for drunkenness

Front 18

Political mistakes of Mark Antony

Back 18

a) divorcing Octavian
b) Claiming Caesarion heir
c) overconfidence in Actium