Culture And History By Nick Joaquin (Chap 1-5)

Front 1

Introduction of tools

Back 1

History focused on.... ;And is an alternative to conventional history.

Hint 1

Chapter 1

Front 2

1. Debunking "illiteracy as ignorance"

2. Reassessing Filipino history using the viewpoint of cultural history

3. The cultural soul

4. Westernization vs. Asianization

Back 2

Main topics in "Culture as History"

Hint 2

Chap 1

Front 3

By encountering the Western technology

Back 3

How Filipino soul was born?

Hint 3

Chap 1

Front 4

Spanish "created" Filipino; while American "helped" Filipino to become more aware of its Filipinoness

Back 4

Difference of Spanish and American occupation in terms of building up our identity and cultural soul

Hint 4

Chap 1

Front 5

Material shapes history

Back 5

Definition of history of culture

Hint 5

Chap 1

Front 6

Culture is a subtheme, product and framework of history (influential events to history)

Back 6

Definition of culture of history

Hint 6

Chap 1

Front 7

Bakas ng Kahapon exhibit

Back 7

Exhibited the artifacts related to the PH culture from neolithic to present about how Filipino works best in small scale

Hint 7

Chap 2

Front 8

Club Filipino exhibit

Back 8

Exhibited a record of challenges not met by the Filipinos

Hint 8

Chap 2

Front 9

1. Air of immobility

2. Static and stagnant

3. Squatting figures

4. Same designs

Back 9

Pre-colonial pottery characteristic

Hint 9

Chap 2

Front 10

Sarimanok

Back 10

Example of a Moro art

Hint 10

Chap 2

Front 11

Advent of the spirit of restlessness

Back 11

What Moro artifacts showed in their art

Front 12

1. Santo bursts with energy

2. Everything is in motion

3. Animation of the inanimate

4. Everything has an upward surge

Back 12

Christian artifacts show what?

Hint 12

Chap 2

Front 13

Art of santero (making Santo)

Back 13

A small kind of art, and experienced the same fate with our pottery industry due to our "utak-tingi" characteristic

Hint 13

2

Front 14

We declined and did not develop

Back 14

This leads to the death of religious art because

Hint 14

2

Front 15

Develop or Decay

Back 15

Iron Law of Life

Hint 15

2

Front 16

Native Spanish litt is killed by Americanization

Back 16

Fate of Phil. Writing in Spanish

Hint 16

2

Front 17

A pattern of dropped and evaded challenges

Back 17

Characteristic of Phil. Writing in English (excellency in making short stories instead of moving to bigger challenges)

Hint 17

2

Front 18

"Being native to a country is enough"

Back 18

What Joy Zimmerman said about the Igorots

Hint 18

3

Front 19

Static quality of mountain culture

Back 19

Could be seen in both rice terrace and Igorot cloth designs

Hint 19

3

Front 20

By colonial experience and subsequent political upheavals (e.g. Revolution)

Back 20

How Filipino was shaped (based on Chapter 3)

Hint 20

3

Front 21

Epoch

Back 21

Period of time important to history

Hint 21

4

Front 22

1. Apostolic times

2. Era of persecution

3. Era of peace

4. Byzantine empire

5. European (Christianity as a primitive religion)

6. Franciscan times

Back 22

Representations of Christ

Hint 22

4

Front 23

Biblical images taboo, no representation

Back 23

Representation of Christ in Apostolic Times

Front 24

Fish

Back 24

Representation of Christ in Era of persecution

Front 25

Agonized Christ is forbidden; Risen Christ or Good Shepherd is the ideal look

Back 25

Representation of Christ in Era of Peace

Front 26

Stiffening and half-oriental; expressionless and massive Christ image

Back 26

Representation of Christ in Byzantine empire

Front 27

Figure of:

1. Crucified; or

2. Magical Babe

Back 27

Representation of Christ in Europe when Christianity became the primitive religion

Front 28

Feudal Prince (e.g. Holy Child of Prague)

Back 28

Representation of Christ in Medievals (give example)

Front 29

Child in tears (e.g. Sto. Niño de Passion)

Back 29

Representation of Christ in the proletarianism of the early Franciscans.

Front 30

Feast of the Holy Name

Back 30

Innocent XIII recognized what feast in 1721

Hint 30

4

Front 31

1. Sto. Niño of Cebu (Senyor de Cebu)

2. Sto. Niño of Tondo (Little Lord of Tondo)

3. Sto. Niño of Pandacan (Mexican, Aztec deity)

Back 31

Three figures of Sto. Niño as faith began a devotion in the child

Front 32

Capitan General de Filipinas

Back 32

Sto. Niño in San Sebastian churh wearing Napoleonic tricorn (1800)

Front 33

Sto. Niño in Aglipayan churches

Back 33

Wore baro, Balintawak trousers and bakya (1900)

Front 34

Holy Child of Prague

Back 34

Holds a crown and orb which is the present model of the Sto Niño where we are stuck at

Front 35

Folk catholicism

Back 35

Our own religious style in religion

Front 36

Cebu

Back 36

Sion of the PH islands

Front 37

La Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus

Back 37

First church in PH

Front 38

Conversion to Christianity

Back 38

United us to one political body

Hint 38

Chapter 5

Front 39

Sto. Niño

Back 39

Perfect symbol of Phil. Christianity w/ became so native that we even forget it came from outside

Front 40

Christianity is adapted itself to paganism

Back 40

How Church triumphed in the PH

Front 41

Andres de Urdaneta

Back 41

Defined as economically culture hero

Front 42

Andres de Urdaneta

Back 42

Built the first church, enthroned the Sto. Niño, baptized his first converts, first spiritual head of the colony, and discovered a safe return route

Front 43

carabao turned into a draft animal

Back 43

It is when the wheel and plow is introduced

Front 44

Parekura

Back 44

Nature god came out of the sea, not only god of Agriculture

Front 45

Development of our own architecture

Back 45

Introduction of wheel

Front 46

Miguel de Legaspi

Back 46

Said to be the image of a conquistador

Front 47

La Naval de Manila

Back 47

Phil. Victory over Dutch wars

Front 48

Don Francisco Laxamana

Back 48

Maestre de campo

Front 49

1. Era of conquest and conversion

2. Era of Commonwealth

3. Era of a colony and era of revolt

Back 49

Three distinct eras (Chapter 4: Conquistador)