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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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what is the name of the principle stating that random variants within biological populations survive non randomly based on their relative efficiency?
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the principle of natural selection
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why was learning important in human evolution?
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becase it permitted rapid and efficient adaptations to environmental change
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what is not an example of cultural behavior in primates?
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bipedalism among australopithecines
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natural selection, etc- not just in one group
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what was the trait most clearly selected for among the earliest hominids?
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bipedalism
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compared to knuckle walking in apes, bipedalism in contenporary humans is
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more efficient when traveling long distances
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according to harris, what is closely associated with the 'cultural takeoff'?
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modern homo sapiens
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who is the first homonid thought to have used fire and to have been capable of adapting to diverse ecological settings?
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homo erectus
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what were neanderthals?
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a regional variant of archaic homo sapiens
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what is trus of darwin's principle of natural selection?
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it predicts that through time, randomly occuring variability in biological systems well be selected nonrandomly based on relative efficiency
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for what were oldowa tools best suited?
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butchering dead animals
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what makes human reproductive behaviors unique among mammals?
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they are regulated by cultural practices rather than an estrus cycle
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what is necessary in oder for natural selection to occur?
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an imperfect mechanism of transmitting or maintaining identy in select traits, the exposure of variant forms of a trait to the environment, and differences in the relative efficiency in variants of a given trait
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what is the term for sounds perceived as distinct by native speakers of a language?
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phonemes
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what would a phonetic study of a language address?
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the acoustical units of the language
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what is the term for different sounds that are perceived by native speakers as identical?
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phones
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what is the smallest part of an utterance that has a standalone meaning?
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free morpheme
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what is the name given to the rules governing the arrangement of morphemes into sentence?
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syntax
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languages that have separate works for 'leg' and 'foot' or 'arm' and 'hand'
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are found mostly in colder climates
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what is true of 'substandard' english?
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it is a political, not a linguistic phenomenon
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linguistically, the grammar of poor and uneducated classes is --- that of rich and educated classes
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as efficient as
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