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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is lymphadenopathy?
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generalized swellings
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Which vein can you visualize to check for increased venous pressure?
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external jugular vein, even though the internal one is preferred
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Name 2 major muscles of the neck.
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1. sternocleidomastoid
2. trapezius |
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What CN innervates the sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius?
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CN XI (spinal accessory)
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Which landmarks are important for describing abnormalities of the neck?
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anterior triangle and posterior triangle
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What is the purpose of the lymph nodes?
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to protect the body from invaders; the nodes are the sites in which bacteria or toxins collect
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Is the lymph system open or closed to the venous system?
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closed
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What is the generalized lymph pathway?
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vascular tissue-->
interstitial tissue--> lymph-->the cleansed fluid empties in RIGHT heart |
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Know lymph nodes, locations, and what they drain
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SEE BOOK!
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What is the thyroid gland?
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an endocrine gland with a rich blood supply
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Where is the thyroid isthmus located?
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Over the 2nd or 3rd tracheal ring
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What is located just above the thyroid isthmus?
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cricoid cartilage with the thyroid cartilage above that
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Which tracheal cartilage is the Adam's Apple?
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thyroid cartilage
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Normally you can't feel a lymph node, but if you can, it is normal when...
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the node is soft, moveable, less than 1 cm and nontender
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If lymph nodes of the neck are bilaterally enlarged, what might this signify?
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sore throat
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If there is a clump of lymph nodes on one side of the neck that is enlarged, what might that signify?
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TB?
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What if a lymph node feels hard or immovable?
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it may be malignant
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If you find a palpable occipital lymph node, what should you ask your patient?
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if they had recently dyed their hair
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What technique should you use to palpate lymph nodes?
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use 2nd, 3rd,and 4th fingertips to lightly touch with a circular motion
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Where is the trachea normally located?
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midline
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If there is a clump of lymph nodes on one side of the neck that is enlarged, what might that signify?
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TB?
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What if a lymph node feels hard or immovable?
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it may be malignant
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If you find a palpable occipital lymph node, what should you ask your patient?
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if they had recently dyed their hair
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What technique should you use to palpate lymph nodes?
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use 2nd, 3rd,and 4th fingertips to lightly touch with a circular motion
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Where is the trachea normally located?
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midline, palpate for shift
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How can you test tracheal symmetry?
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put your pointer finger in the sternal notch and slip off to each side
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What are possible causes for a deviated trachea?
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1. collapsed lung
2. mild misalignment from enlarged thyroid |
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Where should you palpate the carotid artery?
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either the upper or lower neck, NOT the middle neck because then you would get the carotid sinus
*do this in every vision with hypertensive patients |
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Can you palpate both carotid arteries at once?
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no; people may pass out
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What is a Bruit
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the whooshing sound of turbulent blood flow
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How do you examine CN XI?
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1. trapezius muscle: have the person raise shoulders against your resistance
2. sternocleidomastoid: have patient turn head against your resistance |
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Procedure to palpate the thyroid:
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see slides!
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What are you checking for when you palpate the thyroid?
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symmetry, nodules, bruit
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If there are several nodules on the thyroid, what may that indicate?
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usually nothing
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If there is 1 module on the thyroid, what may that indicate?
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concern
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What is a goiter?
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fullness of thyroid
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What might cause an enlarged thyroid?
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if thyroid is...
-underactive -overactive -normal |
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What are 2 other diseases that affect the thyroid?
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1. Hashimoto's disease (normal size until ~50, then it decreases)
2. Grave's disease |
