Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
symbols:
|
something that a group of language uses agree stands for something else
|
|
characteristics of language:
|
-symbols are arbitrary
-language is imprecise in the way that people use it. -language is ambiguous (one way is because words and phrases have both denotative and connotative meanings) -language is figurative -language frames experience -language creates and separates communities |
|
abstract language:
|
language that is vague or broad in its meaning, so it's more difficult to tell what the user really intends. (ex. junk food)
|
|
concrete language:
|
more specific shared meanings, so it's easier to tell what the user really means (ex. candy bar)
|
|
denotative meanings:
|
like those you'd find in a dictionary
|
|
connotative meanings:
|
personal, emotional reactions that we associate with words or phrases
|
|
metaphor:
|
characterizes one subject matter with terms that literally apply to another, making a comparison
|
|
idioms:
|
similar to metaphors, but they're phrases that refer to one thing or even in terms of something unrelated, but there is no implied comparison (let the cat out of the bag)
|
|
irony:
|
figurative language that says something that is literally the opposite of what is meant
|
|
hyperbole:
|
figurative language that uses gross exaggeration to make a point
|
|
reports:
|
statements of fact that are capable of being verified
|
|
inferences:
|
statements that are conclusions about something based on the info. the person making the statement knows
|
|
judgments:
|
statements that express a personal opinion, usually explicitly or implicitly evaluating something
|
|
questionable language uses:
|
-weasel words (appear that more is being claimed than is literally said, something CAN help you lose UP TO pounds!)
-jargon (using language only understood by some to hide meaning or intimidate) -puffery (sing language to overinflate claims, advertising its the WORST THING to ever happen in our nation's history) -asking questions to replace statements -bipolar thinking (leads people to think in dichotemies, ex. neo nazis) -sloganeering (when are arguer uses catch phrases to substitute for content of argument |
|
suggested language use
|
-using declarative statements
-use concrete language -use the active voice whenever you can -use "I statements" to distinguish your opinions from facts |
|
fallacies associated with language:
|
-equivocation
-loaded-language -question-begging epithets -amphiboly (unclearness, ambiguity) -figure of speech -special pleading -hypostatization -style over substance |