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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Are the following grape varieties white or red? Blauer Zweigelt, Portugieser, Zierfandler, Morillon, St. Laurent, Rotgipfler, Blauer Wildbacker, Grüner Veltliner
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red- blauer zweigelt, portugieser, st. laurent, blauer wildbacher / white- zierfandler (also known as spatrot), morillon (chardonnay), rotgipfler, gruner veltliner
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What is a synonym for true Riesling?
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white riesling or johannisburg riesling
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What is unique among the Australian geographic indications about South Eastern Australia?
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only multistate gi, covers an area larger than a single state
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What chemical compounds are formed by the oxidation of alcohols in wines such as sherry?
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aldehydes
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What do legs or tears on the inside of the glass after swirling a wine indicate?
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the alcohol within a wine (sugar and glycerol in a sweet wine can also affect the wine's tears)
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What is the name for a Champagne house's top-of-the-line wine?
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tete de cuvee
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What quantity of sulfites is naturally produced during fermentation?
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at or above 10 ppm
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When making sparkling wine in the traditional method, what is the order of events?
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base wine: pressing> debourbage > chaptalization > fermentation> racking / assemblage / creating the sparkle (pris de mousse): liqueur de tirage added to clear wine (vin clair)> second alcoholic fermentation (prise de mousse)> aging> remuage (riddling) > degergement (disgorging) > dosage> bottle aging > (transvasage)
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What is the maximum concentration of sulfites a wine can have to not require a sulfite statement on the label in the US?
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10 ppm
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What region produces Frascati?
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Latium
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What are the two primary categories of port?
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bottle aged or wood aged
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What two German wine regions were formally located in East Germany?
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Saale-Unstrut and Sachsen
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What is the largest fine wine region in Chile?
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central valley
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What is the most widely-planted grape on the island of Madeira?
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tinta negra mole
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What are the three sub-regions of Rioja?
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alta, baja, alavesa
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What is the correct progression of the following during the grapevine's annual cycle? Berry set, bud break, flowering, harvest, shoot and leaf growth, veraison
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bud break, shoot and leaf growth, flowering, berry set, veraison, harvest
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What is the zonda?
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a fierce hot dry wind that blows out of the northwest in argentina
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Where would a wine labeled "Premier Grand Cru classé" come from?
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St Emilion
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What is Germany's largest wine growing region according to acreage planted/ According to production numbers? According to physical size?
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physical size= Baden, production= Pfalz, Rheinhessen=planted
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In South Africa, the climate is cooler than the latitude might suggest, why?
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benguela current is a cold current that flows up from the antarctica
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What cool-climate AVA stretches across southern Napa and Sonoma counties?
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Los Carneros AVA
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What is the allowable variation from the stated alcohol content on a US wine label?
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plus or minus 1.5 % for wines not greater than 14%. For higher than 14%, plus or minus 1%
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What is a gyropalette?
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large mechanical device that can "riddle" or "remuage" large numbers of sparkling wine bottles at one time
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What grape variety/wine was named after the Greek port Monemvasia?
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malvasia or malmsey wine
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What is the typical range of temperatures for red wine fermentation?
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60 to 95 F / 15 to 35 C
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Why are the grapes used for sparkling wine production normally pressed vs. crushed?
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pressed so as to not allow color extraction
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Describe the cause and effect of the Austrian wine scandal of 1985.
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producers were accused of adding diethylene glycol to their wines, destroyed the industry- today, austria has some of the strictest laws in the world to protect their wine and image
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What is the most widely planted red grape in Washington?
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Cabernet Sauvignon
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What are the three tiers within the Greek wine quality pyramid?
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high to low= Appellation Wines (AO), Regional Wines (TO), Table Wines… and Retsina
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How many levels of red cru were defined in the 1855 Bordeaux Classification?
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5
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How does maceration affect a fished wine's flavor and texture?
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creates greater flavor, tannin, and color extraction
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Which grape variety is believed to be the ancestor from which all other wine grapes descended?
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muscat
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The better vineyards in Greece face which direction? North, South, East, West
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north
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What is cava?
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Spain's traditional sparkling wine, DO, aged a minimum of 9 months, made in the traditional style
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Which Austrian wine region has its own classification system? Describe the three tiers.
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Wachau- steinfeder 10 - 10.7% ABV light bodied dry wines, federspiel under 12% ABV medium bodied dry wines, smaragd over 12% ABV full bodied dry wines
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Define Hochgewächs.
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high growth, a kabinett that has been chaptalized to increase the alcoholic strength
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What are the Mosel, the Saar and the Ruwer?
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mosel = river, saar and ruwer are tributaries of the Mosel
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Where does Kabinett fall in the Austrian wine quality pyramid?
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QbA or qualitatswein
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In what way does pH affect the color of a red wine?
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the lower the pH, the brighter the wine. Less acid or higher the pH, the bluer the pigment.
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What is the primary grape variety of Bourgueil and Chinon?
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cabernet franc
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What is Steen?
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chenin blanc in South Africa
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What is TCA?
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Trichloranisole, or cork taint. It is a moldy, musty odor
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What is the primary volatile acid found in wine?
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acetic acid
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What is the primary grape vvariety used to make the "black wines" of Cahors?
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Malbec, known locally as Cot
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Describe the characteristics of an ideal wine storage area.
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cool temperatures (50-60°F/10-15°C), moderately humid (65-75%), constant temperature or minimal fluctuations, no vibrations, no light- esp. sunlight, storage for bottles on sides, or at an angle, so that the cork remains moist and doesn't dry out, and label facing up
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Under what circumstances should a wine be decanted?
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young, robust red wines, complex wines with moderate aging, fully aged and mature wines, wines with sediment
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Where are most of New Zealand's vineyards located?
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within 20 miles of the east coast, protected by mountains
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What is the difference between Montepulciano d'Abruzzo and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?
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Montepulciano d'Abruzzo is made from the Montepulciano grape in Abruzzo, Vino Nobile is made from Sangiovese in Tuscany
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Place the following in order from largest to smallest: Anbaugebiet, Bereich, Einzellage, Grosslage
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Anbaugebeit, Bereich, Grosslage, Einzellage
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What is New Zealand's largest and most acclaimed wine growing region?
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Marlborough
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In sparkling wine, the bubble is comprised of what gas?
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carbon dioxide
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What are the four levels of the French wine quality pyramid?
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top to bottom- AOC, VDQS, Vin de Pays, vin de Table
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What Australian wine region grows the most Pinot Noir?
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tasmania
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Name three wine growing areas with Chile's Central Valley.
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maipo, rapel, maule, casablanca, coastal range
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What restrictions are imposed on grape growing and wine making to qualify for naming an AVA as a wine's place of origin?
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85% must come from that AVA
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What would the approximate alcoholic content be of a dry wine made from grapes harvested at 22 Brix?
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11.5 to 12% ABV
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What two grape varieties cross-pollinated to give us Cabernet Sauvignon?
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cabernet franc and sauvignon blanc
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What is the most famous white wine of Tuscany?
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Vernaccia de San gimignano
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Under Australian law, if a single varietal appears on the label, what is the minimum content from that grape variety in the wine?
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85%
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Are the following grapes white or red? Agiorgitiko, Xinomavro, Asyrtiko, Roditis
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red= agiorgitiko, xinomavro / white= roditis, asyrtiko
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How does the production of Málaga and Montilla-Moriles mirror the production of methods of other fortified wine products?
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malaga is made similar to port or vin doux naturels (only made from dried grapes), montilla-moriles is similar to sherry, with a fino and oloroso style
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What are typcial pH values for wine?
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between 2.9-3.8
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Argentina has made a name for itself with which red Bordeaux grape variety?
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malbec
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For what two fortified wines is Portugal famous?
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Port and Madeira
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What are the two main six-carbon sugars that can be fermented into alcohol by yeast?
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glucose and fructose
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Why was Greek wine originally resinated?
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to flavor and protect the wine from savatiano grapes
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Which of the following is not from the south of Italy? Aglianico del Vulture, Ciro, Prosecco di Conegliano, Salice Salentino
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Prosecco de Conegliano
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Where are most of the Argentine vineyards located?
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between the tropic of capricorn and the 40th parallel, northwest section in the lower slopes of the Andes
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What is a semi-generic wine?
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a term used to descripe a style of wine. There is a federal requirement that states the use of an appellation of origin must be used in conjunction with all semi generic terms. Ex: chablis, burgundy, port, Champagne, or American Chablis
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What are the two definitions of "cuvee?"
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blend and first press
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What is the name of a sparkling wine method in which the second fermentation is accomplished in a tank rather than in a bottle?
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charmat or cuve close method
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When making the white wine, what is the most typical order of events?
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crushing>sulfur addition> (skin contact, hardly ever done!)> pressing> juice settling (debourbage) > acidification of chaptalization> fermentation > malo lactic fermentation> racking> sulfr adjustment> clarification > heat stabilization> cold stabilization> aging / elevage> blending > bottling
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What is the largest wine region in Argentina?
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mendoza
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What is strategy 2025?
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have the largest wine export market in the world
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What is Portugal's largest DOC?
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Vinho Verde
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What is the largest red wine region in Germany?
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Wurttemberg
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Name three GIs within the Limestone Coast.
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padthaway, coonawara, mount benson, robe, penola, wrattonbully
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Name three wine regions within Niederösterreich (Lower Austria).
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carnuntum, donauland, kamptal, kremstal, thermenregion, traisental, wachau, weinviertal
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A vineyard in Oakville, California, is in what AVAs?
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Napa Valley, North Coast, California, America
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What is an appropriate serving temperature for a full-bodied red wine?
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62-68°F/ 17-20°C
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Ninety percent of Greece's total wine production is produced by just six grapes, true or false?
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TRUE
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What are the three types of Marsala?
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oro, ambra, rubino
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What unit of measurement do Germans employ to measure sugar content?
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Oechsle
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What is the Cape Doctor?
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summer wind that blows in from the south east during the summer months, gale force wind that wreaks havoc
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What type of climate do most of the vineyards of New Zealand possess?
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Maritime
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What AVA has the warmest climate within the Central Coast AVA?
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Paso Robles AVA
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What is the purpose chaptalization?
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to increase the finished alcohol of the wine, not to sweeten the wine
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Which northerly German wine region is best known for its red wines?
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Ahr
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What is Austria's largest wine district?
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weinviertal
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Spanish wine is divided into two main categories. What are they?
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Table wines (vino de Mesa) and Quality wines (VCPRD or QWPSR)
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True or false, Grenache is a high acid red.
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FALSE
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What is Tempranillo called in Portugal's Douro Valley?
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tinta roriz
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What single wine region in South Australia is responsible for 22% of the total national wine production?
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riverland
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The Argentine climate is Merditerranean, continental, or maritime?
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continental
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Which Prädikat levels are always sweet?
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beerenauslese, eiswein, trockenbeerenauslese
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What is País?
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grape used for making rustic table wine or brandy
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What are the three major soil nutrients required by grapevines?
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Nitrogen Phosphorus, Potassium
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What is the northernmost wine region in South Africa?
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Olifantsrivier
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What is Spätburgunder?
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Pinot noir
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What are the differences between sustainable, organic and biodynamic viticultural practices?
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sustainable- be nice to the land (for the most part)/ organic- love the land, increase biodeiversity, protect the enviroronment / biodynamic- treat the planet as an ecosystem
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What is fining?
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agents are added to the wine to clarify the wine
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Riverina is best known for what two wine products?
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dessert wine, cask wine (bag in a box)
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How is Amarone della Valpolicella produced?
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grapes are dried out before fermentation
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A wine with an aromatic profile of rose petals, lychee nut, sandalwood, grapefruit, ginger and nutmeg is likely to be…
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gewurztraminer
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The Cortese grape is used to make which DOCG wine?
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Gavi di Gavi
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Which German wine region is comprised of one long hillside that flanks the Rhine River as it takes a sharp westerly bend?
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Rheingau
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Where are Europe's oldest vineyards located?
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Crete, Greece
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