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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Food intake declines are greater in __________ than in __________. The approximate decline in calories for men is _______________ and for women is ___________.
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Food intake declines as age advances; a decline that is greater in men than women. These declines are approximately 1000-1200 kcal in men and 600-800 kcal in women.
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Reasons for poor appetite in elderly:
• Regulation of ____________ is altered in older adults • Oral problems such as ______________ and ______________. • _______________ • Sensory perceptions such as ________ and ____________ |
Reasons for poor appetite in elderly:
• Regulation of HORMONES is altered in older adults • Oral problems such as POOR DENTITION and PERIDONTAL DISEASE. • MEDICATIONS • Sensory perceptions such as TASTE and OLFACTORY PERCEPTION |
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Small amounts of weight loss whether _____________ or _____________ are associated with poor health outcomes
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Small amounts of weight loss whether INTENTIONAL or UNINTENTIONAL are associated with poor health outcomes
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The best recommendations for body is weight is to _________________________________ to help promote strength, flexibility, balance and muscle mass.
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The best recommendations for body is weight is to INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY to help promote strength, flexibility, balance and muscle mass.
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Elderly may malabsorb _______% of Vitamin B12
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Elderly may malabsorb 10-30% of Vitamin B12
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Medications may have anticholinergic effects that _______________________________ which in turns reduces intestinal absorption of nutrients
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Medications may have anticholinergic effects that SLOW GASTRIC EMPTYING and PERISTALSIS which in turns reduces intestinal absorption of nutrients
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The use of antibiotics may be harmful to the destruction of the ________________. They may also contribute to _________ and reduce food intake
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The use of antibiotics may be harmful to the destruction of the INTESTINAL FLORA. They may also contribute to DIARRHEA and reduce food intake
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NUTRITION ASSESSMENT TOOLS:
• _____ – reviews weight change, gastrointestinal symptoms, functional capacity and physical examination findings to identify mild, moderate or hish risk levels of malnutrition. • _____ – Identifies 18 relevant factors • _____ – Sadness (Geriatric Depression Scale) Cholesterol (less than 160 mg/dL) Albumin (less than 3.5 gm/dL), Loss of 5% of body weight, Eating Problems (Physical or cognitive causes) |
• ASSESSMENT TOOLS:
• MNA – Identifies 18 relevant factors • SGA – reviews weight change, gastrointestinal symptoms, functional capacity and physical examination findings to identify mild, moderate or hish risk levels of malnutrition. • SCALE – Sadness (Geriatric Depression Scale) Cholesterol (less than 160 mg/dL) Albumin (less than 3.5 gm/dL), Loss of 5% of body weight, Eating Problems (Physical or cognitive causes) |
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NUTRITION ASSESSMENT TOOLS:
• MNA – Identifies ___ relevant factors • SGA – reviews weight change, ______________, ___________ and physical examination findings to identify mild, moderate or hish risk levels of malnutrition. • SCALE – _________ (Geriatric Depression Scale) _______ (less than 160 mg/dL) _______ (less than 3.5 gm/dL), ___________, and ___________ (Physical or cognitive causes) |
• ASSESSMENT TOOLS:
• MNA – Identifies 18 relevant factors • SGA – reviews weight change, gastrointestinal symptoms, functional capacity and physical examination findings to identify mild, moderate or hish risk levels of malnutrition. • SCALE – Sadness (Geriatric Depression Scale) Cholesterol (less than 160 mg/dL) Albumin (less than 3.5 gm/dL), Loss of 5% of body weight, Eating Problems (Physical or cognitive causes) |
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Circumstances which dictate need for different housing arrangements
-_________________________ -_________________________ -_______________ |
Circumstances which dictate need for different housing arrangements
-Need or desire for more security -Need for assistance with ADLs -Health concerns |
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Options for independent living
Home Modification – _____________________________________________________________________ |
Options for independent living
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Options for independent living
Retirement Communities – “congregate living,” senior apartments, etc., - required ______________ ADLs. May offer educational, social and recreational activities. May offer amenities (pools, fitness center) Run from Basic to expensive. May allow contracts with Home Health services. No formal _____________ and no ______________________ |
Options for independent living
Retirement Communities – “congregate living,” senior apartments, etc., - required no assistance with ADLs. May offer educational, social and recreational activities. May offer amenities (pools, fitness center) Run from Basic to expensive. May allow contracts with Home Health services. No formal regulation and no state or federal funding |
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Options for independent living
CCRC Continuing Care Retirement Community – may offer independent housing, assisted living and nursing facility |
Options for independent living
CCRC Continuing Care Retirement Community – may offer independent housing, assisted living and nursing facility |
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Options for independent living
Accessory Apartments – apartments developed within single-family homes (basements, attics, or garages). May need to check with zoning and building ordinances. |
Options for independent living
Accessory Apartments – apartments developed within single-family homes (basements, attics, or garages). May need to check with zoning and building ordinances. |
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Options for independent living
Elder Cottages Housing Opportunities (ECHOs) – _____________________ |
Options for independent living
Elder Cottages Housing Opportunities (ECHOs) – Portable Accessory apartments |
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OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Assisted Living – Generally do not require a ___________ but may be unable to live alone safely. Include support services, housekeeping, meals and transportation. Some healthcare services may be provided. Fees may be based on level of care needed |
OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Assisted Living – Generally do not require a high level of care but may be unable to live alone safely. Include support services, housekeeping, meals and transportation. Some healthcare services may be provided. Fees may be based on level of care needed |
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OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Board and Care Homes – Adult Family homes, group homes and adults foster care. Smaller than assisted living. Meals, assistance with ADLs. Medical care is ______________. |
OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Board and Care Homes – Adult Family homes, group homes and adults foster care. Smaller than assisted living. Meals, assistance with ADLs. Medical care is usually not provided. |
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OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Foster Care – arrangements in which individuals families to take in older adulst and provide meals, laundry and some assistance ADLs. |
OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Foster Care – arrangements in which individuals families to take in older adulst and provide meals, laundry and some assistance ADLs. |
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OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Nursing Facilities – ________________ care for those with _________ medical conditions. ________ regulated by state. |
OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Nursing Facilities – Round the clock care. Complex medical conditions. Heavily regulated by the state |
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OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Hospice Care – Service for ____________ |
OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Hospice Care sercive for teminally ill |
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OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Respite Care – _________________ |
OPTIONS FOR OLDER ADULTS NEED ASSISTANCE
Respite Care – short-term stay to allow caregivers res |
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The Older Americans Nutrition Program is regulated by the ___________________ and is federally funded under the ________________. Provides ___________ and ___________ meals.
OANP meals must provide at least ________ daily RDA. OANP eligibility is ______ based on income level. Instead _________ help pay. |
The Older Americans Nutrition Program is regulated by the Administration of Aging and is federally funded under the Older American Act.
The Older American Nutrition Program Provides congregate and home-delivered meals. OANP must provide at least 1/3 of the daily recommended diatery allowances. OANP eligibility is NOT based on income level. TO help pay for cost donations are accepted. |
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OANP/ENP congregate meal service serves meals at least ___ days per week.
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OANP/ENP congregate meal service serves meals at least 5 days per week.
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Eldercare Locator – ______________________________________________________________.
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Eldercare Locator – community based elderly service locator for any community in the US. Aspect of the Administration on Aging.
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Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) – _______ – provides healthy meals and snacks to eligible children and elderly that are _________________________. One Meal and Two snacks daily.
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Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) – run by the USDA - provides healthy meals and snacks to eligible children and elderly that are enrolled in a participating care center. One Meal and Two snacks Daily.
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Senior Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program – _______ – provides _________ to exchange for eligible food at farmer’s markets, roadside stands and community-supported agriculture. ______ vary in dollar allotment
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Senior Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program – Run by the USDA - provides coupons to exchanged for eligible food at farmer’s markets, roadside stands and community-supported agriculture. States vary in dollar allotment
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Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program – _______ – entitlement program for individuals <___% poverty level. Benefits are based on _______ and ________.
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Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program – USDA – entitlement program for individuals <125% poverty level. Benefits are based on income and resources.
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SNAP-ed – _______ – Education component for those eligible to receive SNAP benefits. Primary state agency is the ______________________.
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SNAP-ed – USDA – Education component for those eligible to receive SNAP benefits. Primary state agency is the Cooperative Extension System.
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Commodity Supplemental Food Program – _______ – Low income mothers, new mothers, infants, children and people at least 60 years of age. Not intended to ____________. <___% of poverty level. Decided at local level.
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Commodity Supplemental Food Program – USDA – Low income mothers, new mothers, infants, children and people at least 60 years of age. Not intended to supply a complete diet. <130% of poverty level. Decided at local level.
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The Emergency Food Assistance Program – _______ – provides _______________.
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The Emergency Food Assistance Program – USDA - Emergency food boxes
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Medicaid Home and Community-Based Service Waiver Program (HCBS) – CMS - provide services to people who would otherwise be in an institution, nursing home, or hospital to receive long-term care in the community. Allows states to provide services to consumers in their homes and in their communities. Adult Day Care, Assistive devices, Home-Delivered Meals, Mental health Outreach, Nursing, Respite
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Medicaid Home and Community-Based Service Waiver Program (HCBS) – CMS - provide services to people who would otherwise be in an institution, nursing home, or hospital to receive long-term care in the community. Allows states to provide services to consumers in their homes and in their communities. Adult Day Care, Assistive devices, Home-Delivered Meals, Mental health Outreach, Nursing, Respite
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Depression, Delirium and Dementia
- ____________ can cause memory impairment but does impact cognitive function nor inappropriate language skills. This condition IS treatable and reversible. - ________ is frequently a rapid-onset condition of short duration associated with some disorientation and variable recall of events This condition IS treatable and reversible. - _______ tends to be progressive with disorientation, aphasia and memory loss that may include recognition of food vs. nonfood items. This condition IS not always treatable and reversible. |
Depression, Delirium and Dementia
- Depression can cause memory impairment but does impact cognitive function nor inappropriate language skills. This condition IS treatable and reversible. - Delirium is frequently a rapid-onset condition of short duration associated with some disorientation and variable recall of events This condition IS treatable and reversible. - Dementia tends to be progressive with disorientation, aphasia and memory loss that may include recognition of food vs. nonfood items. This condition IS not always treatable and reversible. |
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Depression, Delirium and Dementia
- Depression can cause memory impairment but does impact _____________ nor inappropriate _____________. This condition ___ treatable and reversible. - Delirium is frequently a _____-onset condition of ______ duration associated with some ______and variable recall of events This condition IS treatable and reversible. - Dementia tends to be progressive with disorientation, aphasia and memory loss that may include recognition of food vs. nonfood items. This condition IS not always treatable and reversible. |
Depression, Delirium and Dementia
- Depression can cause memory impairment but does impact cognitive function nor inappropriate language skills. This condition IS treatable and reversible. - Delirium is frequently a rapid-onset condition of short duration associated with some disorientation and variable recall of events This condition IS treatable and reversible. - Dementia tends to be progressive with disorientation, aphasia and memory loss that may include recognition of food vs. nonfood items. This condition IS not always treatable and reversible. |
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If dementia is suspected the first step in intervention should be a trial of ______________________ and observation whether there is an improvement in cognitive function. If effective would usually occur in a short-time frame.
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If dementia is suspected the first step in intervention should be a trial of replacing deficient nutrients and observation whether there is an improvement in cognitive function. If effective would usually occur in a short-time frame.
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Mild Cognitive Impairment is a condition that may occur _____ to a diagnosis of dementia.
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Mild Cognitive Impairment is a condition that may occur a diagnosis of dementia.
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With Mild Cognitive Impairment, individuals may complain about __________ but generally score well on diagnostic tests such as ADLs and MMSE.
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With Mild Cognitive Impairment, individuals may complain about memory problems but generally score well on diagnostic tests such as ADLs and MMSE.
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The two most common and irreversible causes for dementia are ___________ and ____________________.
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The two most common and irreversible causes for dementia are vascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease.
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The second most common type of dementia is _______________. The most common dementia is ____________________.
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The second most common type of dementia is vascular dementia. The most common dementia is Alzheimer’s disease.
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Vascular dementia may occur from large vessel disease from multi-infracts with a progressive loss of tissue or from small-vessel dementia
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Vascular dementia may occur from large vessel disease from multi-infracts with a progressive loss of tissue or from small-vessel dementia
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Dementia may lead to changes if food related behaviors due to decreased or abnormal sense of smell and taste. These changes may occur due to __________ or ____ hallucinations.
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Dementia may lead to changes if food related behaviors due to decreased or abnormal sense of smell and taste. These changes may occur due to olfactory or oral hallucinations.
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Dementia may lead to changes if food related behaviors due to the inability to _______________________________.
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Dementia may lead to changes if food related behaviors due to the inability to recognize food and nonfood items.
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Dementia eating recommendations include a __________________ where visual and noise stimulation is kept at minimal. The development of routine eating times may help
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Dementia eating recommendations include a low-stress environment where visual and noise stimulation is kept at minimal. The development of routine eating times may help
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In the case of a memory-lapses in dementia, to prevent weight loss and allow for personal control, patients may benefit from ____________________.
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In the case of a memory-lapses in dementia, to prevent weight loss and allow for personal control, patients may benefit from six to eat smaller meals.
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In the case of unusual health events (fever, infection, injury, etc.,) dementia patients benefit from ____________ options. The idea is that ________ medical goals should take priority over _______-____ health concerns
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In the case of unusual health events (fever, infection, injury, etc.,) dementia patients benefit from high-calorie food options. The idea is that immediate medical goals should take priority over longer-term health concerns
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