Cs Nervous Tissue And Neuron Components Schmidt Chptr 12

Front 1

NEURON

Back 1

A NERVE CELL THAT SENDS AND RECEIVES ELECTRICAL SIGNALS OVER LONG DISTANCES WITHIN THE BODY

Front 2

NEUROGLIA

Back 2

THE GLUE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. GLIAL CELLS.

Front 3

FUNCTIONS OF GLIAL CELLS

Back 3

1-SURROUND NEURONS AND HOLD THEM IN PLACE
2-TO SUPPLY NEUTRIENTS AND OXYGEN TO NEURONS
3-TO ISULATE ONE NEURON FROM ANOTHER
4-DESTROY PATHOGENS AND REMOVE DEAD NEURONS

Front 4

TWO DIFFERENT SYSTEMS

Back 4

CNS-CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
PNS-PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Front 5

CNS-CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 5

BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

Front 6

PNS-PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 6

ALL THE NERVES THAT ARE NOT INCLUDED INT HE CNS SYSTEM

Front 7

PNS DIVISION (2)

Back 7

AFFERENT
EFFERENT

Front 8

AFFERENT

Back 8

CARRIES INFORMATION OR CONDUCTS IMPULSES TOWARD THE CNS
-FROM RECEPTOR TO CNS

A IS FOR ARRIVING TO CNS

Front 9

EFFERENT

Back 9

CARRIES INFORMATION OR CONDUCTS IMPULSES AWAY FROM THE CNS
-FROM CNS TO EFFECTOR
E IS FOR ESCAPE FROM CNS

Front 10

EFFECTOR DIVISION (2)

Back 10

SNS- SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
ANS- AUTOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Front 11

SNS- SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 11

CONTROLS SKELETAL CONTRACTIONS
-VOLUNTARY-BICEPS CURL
-INVOLUNTARY-REFLEX

Front 12

ANS - AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 12

CONTROLS VISCERAL MOTOR SYSTEM(RESPIRATION,HEART RATE,ETC)
-SYMPATHETIC
PARASYMPATHETIC

Front 13

NEURON FUNCTION

Back 13

-MOST NEURONS LACK CENTRIOLES SO THEY CANNOT BE REPLACED IF LOST TO INJURY
-ALTHOUGH NEURAL STEM CELLS ARE TYPICALLY INACTIVE EXCEPT FOR IN THE NOSE AND THE HIPPOCAMPUS(A PORTION OF THE BRAIN IN CHARGE OF MEMORY)

Front 14

NEURON STRUCTURE(8)

Back 14

-NUCLEUS
-CELL BODY
-DENDRITES(RECEIVERS)
-MYELIN SHEATH(INSULATED FATTY LAYER THAT SPEEDS TRANSMITTER)
-NODE OF RANVIER
-AXON(THE CONDUCTING FIBER)
-SCHWANNS CELLS ( THEY MAKE THE MYELIN)
-AXON TERMINALS(TRANSMITTERS)

Front 15

NUERON CLASSIFICATION BY FUNCTION (3)

Back 15

SENSORY-AFFERENT
MOTOR-EFFERENT
INTERNEURONS-A NERVE CELL FOUN ENTIRELY WITHIN GHE CNS THAT ACT AS A LINK BETWEEN SENSORY NEURONS AND MOTOR NEURONS

Front 16

NEURON TYPE(3)

Back 16

1-MULTIPOLAR
2-BIPOLAR
3-UNIPOLAR(PSEUDOUNIPOLAR)

Front 17

SENSORY NEURON RECEPTORS CLASSIFICATION (3)

Back 17

1)INTEROCEPTORS
2)EXTEROCEPTORS
3)PROPRIOCEPTORS

Front 18

MYELIN

Back 18

THE MORE MYELINE THE FASTER THE INFORMATION TRAVELS

Front 19

INTEROCEPTORS

Back 19

MONITORS THESE SYSTEMS:
DIGESTION
REPIRATION
CARDIOVASCULAR
URINARY
REPRODUCTIVE
-PROVIDES SENSATION OF:
TASTE
DEEP PRESSURE
PAIN

Front 20

NERVE DAMAGE

Back 20

THE NERVE WILL TRY TO GROW BACK BUT GENERALLY DOES NOT KNOW WHICH DIRECTION TO GROW.

Front 21

EXTEROCEPTERS

Back 21

PROVIDE INFORMATION ABOUT EXTERRNAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE FORM OF:
TOUCH
TEMPERATURE
PRESSURE
AND PROVIDE:
SIGHT
SMELL
HEARING

Front 22

NERVES

Back 22

ARE AVACULAR ( NO BLOOD)

Front 23

PROPRICEPTORS

Back 23

MONITOR THE POSITION AND MOVEMENT OF SKELATAL MUSCLES AND JOINTS

Front 24

NEUROGLIA CELLS CNS (4)

Back 24

EPENDYMAL CELLS
ASTROCYTES
OLIGODENDROCYTES
MICROGLIA

Front 25

EPENDYMAL CELLS

Back 25

LINE THE CAVITIES OF THE CNS AND MAKE P THE WALLS OF THE VENTRICLES. THESE CELLS CREAT AND SECRETE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF) AND BEAT THEIR CILIA TO HELP CIRCULATE THEAT CSF

Front 26

ASTROCYTES

Back 26

-MAINTAINS THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER
-PROVIDE STRUCTURAL SUPPORT
-REGULATES NUTRIENTS
-DISSOLVES GAS CONCENTRATIONS
-PICKS AND CHOOSES WHAT IS AND ISN'T ALLOWED IN

Front 27

OLIGODENDROCYTES

Back 27

ARE CELLS THAT COAT AXONS IN THE CNS WITH THEIR CELL MEMBRANE FORMING A SPECIALIZED MEMBRANE DIFFERENTIATION CALLED MYELIN
-MAKES IMPULSE FASTER

Front 28

MICROGLIA

Back 28

ARE SPECIALIZED MACROPHAGES CAPABLE OF PHAGOCYTOSIS THAT PROTECT NEURONS OF THE CNS
-BREAKDOWN

Front 29

NEUROGLIA CELLS PNS (2)

Back 29

SATELLITE CELLS
SCHWANN CELLS

Front 30

SATELLITE CELLS

Back 30

ARE SMALL CELLS THAT LINE THE EXTERIOR SURFACE OF PNS NEURONS AND HELP REGUALTE THE EXTERNAL CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT

Front 31

SCHWANN CELLS

Back 31

SIMILAR IN FUNCTION TO THE OLIGODENDROCYTES. PROVEDE MYELINATION TO AXONS IN THE PNS. THEY ALSO HAVE PHOGACYTOTIC ASCTIVITY AND CLEAR CELLULAR DEBRIS THAT ALLOWS FOR RE-GROWTH OF PNS NEURONS
-COAT NERVES

Front 32

FIBER TYPES (3)

Back 32

A-LARGE MYELINATED
B-SMALLER MYELINATED
C-UNMYELINATED

Front 33

A

Back 33

LAREGEST AXONS CONDUCTING SPEEDS OF UP TO 120 METERS PER SECOND OR 268 MILES PER HOUR ARE MYELINATED
-CARRY SENSORY INFORMATION ABOUT POSITION,BALANCE, AND DELICATE TOUCH, PRESSURE FROM SKIN SURFACE TO CNS

Front 34

B

Back 34

SMALLER MYELINATED AXONS ROUGHLY 40 MPH

Front 35

C

Back 35

UNMELINATED AT 2MPH
-TYPE B AND C FIBERS CARRY INFORMATION TO THE CNS THEY DILIVER TEMPERATURE, PAIN, AND GENERAL TOUCH
-CARRY INSTRUCTIONS TO SMOOTH MUSCLE, CARDIAC MUSCLE, GLANDS,ETC.

Front 36

EVENTS OF A SYNAPSE(4)

Back 36

1-AN ACTION POTENTIAL ARRIVES AND DEPOLORIZES THE SYNAPTIC KNOB.
2-EXTRACELLULAR CALCIUM IONS ENTER THE SYNAPTIC KNOB TRIGGERING THE RELEASE OF NEUTOTRANSMITTERS.
3-THE NEUROTRANSMITTER BINDS TO THE RECEPTOR AND DEPOLORIZES THE MEMBRANE
4-THE NEUROTRANSMITTER IS REMOVED.