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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inoculation |
Transfer or arrival of a pathogen on a host |
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Penetration |
Invasion of a host by a pathogen |
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Infection |
Contact with susceptible cells is made and nutrients are obtained |
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Dissemination |
Transfer of inoculum to healthy plant |
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Overwintering/oversummering |
Ability to sit idle and remain threatening |
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Primary inoculumn |
Causes the original infection |
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Secondary inoculunm |
Comes from primary infection and transfers to other plants |
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Direct penetration |
Fungi and parasitic plants have appressorium and penetration peg |
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Penetration from wounds |
Environmental factors, animal feeding, cultural practices |
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Penetration through natural openings |
Hydathodes, stomata, lenticils |
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Heterokaryosis |
2 genetically different nuclei that dont fuse to 1 organism |
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parasexualism |
nuclei fue |
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heteroploidy |
multiple chromosomes |
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bacteria |
sexuallike processes |
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conjugation |
fusion of two gametes |
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transformation |
change of a cell due to uptake of additional genetic material |
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transduction |
transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another |
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species |
morphological characteristic in common |
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varieties or special forms |
individual in the same species that attack certain crops |
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race |
attacks only a given set of varieties of the host plant |
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variant |
ability to infect a new variety |
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biotype |
individuals produced asexually by the variant |
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mechanisms of hybridization |
crossing of individuals with different traits |
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mechanisms of mutation |
new characteristics from accidental changing in genes |
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cytoplasmic inheritance |
extra chromosome inheritance in which plants can carry out physiological processes that they couldnt before |
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cork layers |
secondary tissues impermeable to water and gases |
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abscission layers |
cells surrounding the abscission on the leaf |
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tylosis |
overgrowth of protoplasts |
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gums |
substances deposited and within cells around the infection |
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photolaxins |
inhibits development of a pathgen |
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chlorosis |
yellowing of plant tissue |
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necrosis |
blackening/dying of plant tissue |
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dissemination |
spread |
