Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
134 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a strong and beautiful type of ceramic
|
porcelain
|
|
a series of rulers from one family
|
dynasty
|
|
a trade route that linked China and Europe
|
Silk Road
|
|
characters for printing that can be rearranged
|
movable type
|
|
a travel route IN China
|
Grand Canal
|
|
warriors(knights) from Japan
|
samurai
|
|
the most powerful lord/general in Japan
|
shogun
|
|
strict rules which Japanese warriors followed
|
bushido
|
|
Japan’s system resembled Europe’s
|
feudalism
|
|
estate owner’s in Japan-fought to get more land
|
daimyo
|
|
What 2 dynasties are considered to be most important in China?
|
Tang and Song
|
|
Who is considered to be one of the most important Shoguns in Japan?
|
Tokugawa Ieyasu
|
|
List 3 important Chinese inventions
|
gunpowder, compass, movable type
|
|
What strange custom did the Chinese have regarding women?
|
footbinding
|
|
Why did the Japanese throw the Europeans out of Japan
|
feared they would take over
|
|
Define Isolation and explain why Japan wanted to be isolated
|
to be separated from other countries-1. develop own culture 2. keep foreign influences out
|
|
Why did Japan develop feudalism-explain
|
1. daimyos continually fighting over land=protection
|
|
What is Shinto?
|
Japanese religion -worship of nature
|
|
What other religion influences Japan?
|
Buddhism (Zen)
|
|
What is seppuku?
|
Samurai suicide with short sword/knife
|
|
What did the Europeans bring to Japan
|
Christianity and guns (trade goods)
|
|
Who is responsible for isolating and uniting Japan
|
Tokugawa Ieyasu
|
|
Why was Japan hard to invade?
|
Island
|
|
Define samurai
|
one who serves
|
|
How long was Japan isolated
|
250 years
|
|
How was Japan Isolated?
|
1. no foreign trade 2. no Christianity 3. no large boats could be built for distant trade 4. kicked out Europeans
|
|
Who had real power in Japan-the shogun or the emperor
|
shogun
|
|
Who was the greatest ruler of the Tang Dynasty?
|
Tang Taizong
|
|
Explain the merit system
|
people are chosen to work in government positions by ability (test) rather than who you know (relatives)
|
|
What philosopher had a huge influence on the Tang dynasty and future Chinese rulers?
|
Confucius
|
|
What other code does the bushido resemble?
|
Chivalry
|
|
"I think, therefore I am"
|
Descartes
|
|
“I do not agree with a word you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”
|
Voltaire
|
|
i. “Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains”
|
Rousseau
|
|
a. Wealth of Nations
|
Adam Smith
|
|
b. Two Treatsies of Government
|
John Locke
|
|
c. The Spirit of Laws
|
Montisquieu
|
|
d. The Leviathan
|
Thomas Hobbes
|
|
e. The Social Contract
|
Rousseau
|
|
f. The Encyclopedia
|
Diderot
|
|
j. people are selfish, greedy, and cruel by nature
|
Hobbes
|
|
k. people are born with Natural, God given rights to life, liberty and property
|
Locke
|
|
l. believed in 3 branches of government
|
Montisquieu
|
|
m. supported a free market system and laissez faire
|
Smith
|
|
n. believed people were good but society corrupted them
|
Rousseau
|
|
o. believed need order and obedience with an absolute monarch ruling them
|
Hobbes
|
|
p. denounced slavery and spread
|
Diderot
|
|
1. Discovered the planets movement was an ellipse not a circle
|
Kepler
|
|
2. promoted the heliocentric theory
|
Copernicus
|
|
3. used the telescope to aide his discoveries
|
Galileo
|
|
4. was punished by the Inquisition in 1633
|
Galileo
|
|
5. used Tyco Brahe’s calculations to support Copernicus
|
Kepler
|
|
6. discovered he sun spins on an axis, Jupiter’s moons orbit, and stated the moon was not smooth
|
Galileo
|
|
7. discovered gravity
|
Newton
|
|
8. promoted Natural Law as an explanation for why things occur
|
Newton
|
|
4. What is the geocentric theory
|
Earth is the center of the universe
|
|
3. What is the heliocentric theory
|
Sun is the center
|
|
5. Who promoted the geocentric theory
|
Ptolomey
|
|
1. What was the Enlightenment
|
time period when people used logic and reason to solve problems
|
|
2. Why were some of the scientists and philosophers putting themselves “in danger” with their ideas?
|
Challenging govt. and church ideas (established)
|
|
laissez faire
|
no government restrictions on the economy ("let alone")
|
|
How does the Enlightenment contribute to the growth of democracy? (give examples from the US)
|
1. made people think differently about govt. 2. 3 branches 3. Natural Rights 4. Declaration of Independence
|
|
pushed for the Scientific method and reason to be used by people
|
Bacon
|
|
worked with the human body and circulation of blood
|
Harvey
|
|
Developed the printing press
|
Gutenberg
|
|
Protestant reformer; believed in predestination
|
John Calvin
|
|
developed the printing press
|
Gutenberg
|
|
First protestant reformer; 95 theses
|
Martin Luther
|
|
What is the Protestant Reformation?
|
Roman Catholic Church MAIN Catholic Church, Had A LOT of power and no one to compete for it, People began to question the Church and move away from it and started NEW Christian churches
|
|
Where was the Roman Catholic Church based?
|
Rome, Italy
|
|
Church had a lot of _____ and _____.
|
money, power
|
|
German Monk and Professor
|
Martin Luther
|
|
Believed in Salvation by Faith
|
Martin Luther
|
|
Thought the Holy Bible to be the ULTIMATE authority for religious truth
|
Martin Luther
|
|
"All people are equal in the eyes of God"
|
Martin Luther
|
|
Nailed the 95 Theses to the door of the Catholic Church
|
Martin Luther
|
|
Attacked the sale of indulgences
|
Martin Luther
|
|
Belived in predestination
|
John Calvin
|
|
Predestination
|
God has already decided who will be saved and who won't
|
|
You can tell if a person is the "elect" or saved because___________.
|
Righteous Life (No Sins) and Good Work Ethic (Hard-working) , has faith, does good works
|
|
You can tell when a person is not saved because___________.
|
They are sinners and do nothing about it
|
|
The FIRST Protestant religion
|
Lutheranism
|
|
Spread faith to France, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Scotland
|
John Calvin
|
|
Grew bigger than Lutheranism
|
Calvinism
|
|
Created the Anglican Church
|
King Henry VIII
|
|
Wanted a divorce from his wife, Catherine of Aragon because she could not have a male heir.
|
King Henry VIII
|
|
The Catholic Church’s religious movement in defense of the faith was called what?
|
Catholic Counter Reformation
|
|
Where did Catholic church officials meet to review and reaffirm the Roman Catholic faith?
|
Council of Trent
|
|
What is the other name for the "Society of Jesus"?
|
The Jesuits
|
|
Whose responsibility was it to spread the Catholic faith through missions?
|
The Jesuits
|
|
What group was established to set out and seek those who were heretics?
|
The Inquisition
|
|
What does it mean to be a heretic?
|
One who is against the teachings of the church
|
|
What languages was the Bible printed into?
|
German, French and English
|
|
The printing press led to _______________.
|
growth of books, literacy and cultural diffusion
|
|
excommunication
|
taking away a persons membership in a church
|
|
effects of the printing press
|
writers criticized popes, books encouraged passion for religion, availability of the Bible, rapid spreading of ideas
|
|
Diet of Worms
|
trial of Martin Luther asking him to recant his statements and writings against the Catholic church
|
|
Edict of Worms
|
imperial order issued by Charles V excommunicating Martin Luther
|
|
Lutherans
|
followers of Martin Luther
|
|
indulgence
|
pardon releasing the payee from a set penance or helping to get them salvation
|
|
Explain the 95 Thesis
|
statements authored by Martin Luther speaking against some of the practices of the Catholic church; mainly the selling of indulgences
|
|
What is a Prostestant
|
Christians belonging to a non-catholic church
|
|
Religous causes of the Reformation
|
corrupt church leaders, unacceptable church practices (indulgences)
|
|
Political causes of the Reformation
|
powerful monarchs, challenging leaders of church to gain power,land, & money
|
|
Economic causes of the Reformation
|
jealousy of wealth, not wanting to pay taxes to church
|
|
Reformation started in what country?
|
Germany
|
|
Pope Leo X
|
opposed Luther's ideas-excommunicated him
|
|
Which European country had a monarch who had to share power with Parliament?
|
England
|
|
Painters like Michelangelo used this to create masterpieces that appeared magical
|
perspective
|
|
Why were enslaved Africans brought to America in 1619?
|
work on plantations
|
|
Artists of the renaissance focused mainly on this subject
|
humans and their experiences
|
|
The development of printing in Europe led to this
|
more people learning to read (literacy)
|
|
A lords primary duty towards the people who pledged him loyalty was?
|
protection
|
|
The main reason why the Church was so powerful in the Middle Ages
|
It made laws and set up its own courts
|
|
As feudalism grew weak, kings regained power by helping these
|
towns & cities
|
|
During the feudal period, the most powerful religion in Europe was the?
|
Catholic Church
|
|
One major factor for the growth of trade during the Middle Ages wwas?
|
the Crusades
|
|
The famous Renaissance essay "The Prince," in which the author states, "the ends justify the means," was written by?
|
Niccolo Machiavelli
|
|
One of Europe's great Renaissance patrons was?
|
Lorenzo di Medici
|
|
Said that people are basically selfish, greedy, and cruel.
|
Hobbes
|
|
Said that we're all born with natural of God-given rights- life, liberty, property.
|
Locke
|
|
Believed in three branches of government- executive, legislative, judicial.
|
Montesquieu
|
|
supporter of a free-market economy where the factors of supply and demand determine prices.
|
Smith
|
|
Thought that all people were good, but corrupted by society. (he felt that bound them in chains symbolically
|
Rousseau
|
|
Felt that absolute monarchy (kings, queens, dictators) were the best form of government. People needed to be controlled.
|
Hobbes
|
|
He denounced and despised slavery in all forms in his encyclopedia.
|
Diderot
|
|
Crusaded for free speech and attacked the church and his French king.
|
Voltaire
|
|
spread the ideas of the Enlightenment. (through his major work the Encyclopedia)
|
Diderot
|
|
Said that people can overthrow the government if their rights were not protected. (hint:natural rights)
|
Locke
|
|
believed in laissez faire (government should keep its hands off business)
|
Smith
|
|
Wrote Leviathan
|
Hobbes
|
|
Wrote Spirit of Laws
|
Montesquieu
|
|
Wrote Social Contract
|
Rousseau
|
|
"I think therefore I am"
|
Descartes
|