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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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peacekeeping role of the police
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the legitimate right of police to use force in situations in which urgency requires it.
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patrol
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a means of deploying police offiers that gives them responsibility for policing activity in a defined area and that usually requires them to make regular circuits of that area.
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kansas city experiment
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tried three methods-
1. normal- single car cruising the streets 2. proactive- increasing number of preventive patrol and police visibility 3. reactive- virtual elimination of cruising cars. findings: police aptrol was not deterring crime |
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clearance rate
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the proportion of crimes that result in arrest
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community policing
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a collaborative effort between the police and the community to ID the problems of crime and disorder and to develp solutions from within the community.
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police discretion
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the freedom to choose among a variety of alternatives in conducting police operations
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full enforcement
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the tenacious enforcement of every statute in the criminal codes
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police subculture
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the values and behavior patterns charactristic of experienced police officers.
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police cynicism
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the notion, developed by many officers, that all people are motivated by evil and selfishness.
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fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine
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evidence seozed illegally is considered "tainted" and cannot be used against the suspect
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silver platter doctrine
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(weeks v US) permitted federal prosecutors to use evidence obtained by state agents through unreasonable search and seizure provided that the evidence was obtained w/o federal participation and was turned over to federal officals.
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police corruption
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misconduct by police officers in the forms of illegal activities for economic gain and accepting gratuities, favors, or payment for services that poilice are sworn to carry out as part of their peacekeeping role.
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police presence
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the almost continuous presence of police offers in a place of buisiness for the crime deterrent effects it affords.
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the society at large explanation
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the slippery slpe hypootheses- corruption beginnning with apparently halmless and well-intentioned practices
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The structural explanation
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police begin to see corrupt officers higher up in their department
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the bad apple explanation
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corruption is the result of a few rotten officers working on their own.
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police brutality
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the unlawful use of physical force by officers in the performance of their duties
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police professionalism
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the notion that brutality and corruption are incompetent policing
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dual court system
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courts at the state and federal level.
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courts of record
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courts in which a full transcript of the proceedings is made for all cases.
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writ of mandamus
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a command issued by a court to perform a certain duty.
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writ of certiorari
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a writ issued by the supreme court ordering some lower court to 'forward up the record" of a case it has tried so the High Court can review it.
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rule of four
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the decision of at least four Supreme Court justices that a case merits consideration by the full court.
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