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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is nml CO?
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4-8 L/min
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what is nml CI?
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2.5- 4 L/min
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what is nml SVR?
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800-1400
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what is nml SVRI?
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1500-2400
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what is nml PCWP?
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11 +/- 4
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what is nml CVP?
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7 +/- 2
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what is nml PA P?
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20-30/6-15
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what is nml mixed venous O2 sat (SvO2)?
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70 +/- 5
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what is the formula for CI?
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CO/BSA
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what is the formula for SVRI?
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SVR x BSA
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how much CO does the kidney get?
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25% of CO
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how much CO does the brain get?
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15% of CO
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how much CO does the heart get?
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5% of CO
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what determines SV?
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LVEDV, contractility, afterload
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how much does atrial kick account for the LVEDV?
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15-30% of LVEDV
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what is the Anrep effect?
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increase in contractility secondary to increase in afterload
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what is the Bowditch effect?
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increase in contractility secondary to increase in HR
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what is the formula for O2 delivery?
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CO x arterial O2 content= CO x (Hgb x 1.34 x O2 sat + (pO2 x0.003))
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what is the nml O2 delivery : consumption ratio?
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5 :1 - O2 consumption is supply independent
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Right shift on hgb O2 dissoc curve
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O2 unloading- elev CO2, temp, ATP, 2,3-DPG, low pH (nml p50= 27mmHg)
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what conditions are assoc with low O2 extraction from blood?
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sepsis, CN toxicity, cirrhosis, hyperbaric O2, hypothermia, paralysis, coma, sedation
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where do you place a swan?
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zone III of lung (lower lung) to measure PVR
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what determines myocardial O2 consumption?
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elev ventricular wall tension and HR
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what is the first alteration of hemorrhagic shock?
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INCREASED diastolic P
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what is the first sign of cardiac tamponade?
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ECHO- impaired diastolic filling of RA
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where/when to place intra-aortic balloon pump?
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tip of catheter just distal to L SC- use for cardiogenic shock or refractory angina--> improves SBP
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alpha 1 R?
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vasc sm constrx, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis
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alpha 2 R?
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vasc sm constrx
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beta 1 R?
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myocardial contraction and rate
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beta 2 R?
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relaxes bronchial sm, relaxes vasc sm, increases insulin, glucagon, renin
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what does milronone do?
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PDI (increases cAMP), results in elev Ca, and elev myocardial contractility
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what does nipride do?
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arterial and venous vasodilator- CN tox (check thiocyanate levels, signs of metabolic acidosis)- tx amyl nitrite, Na nitrite
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what does hydralazine do?
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alpha blocker
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what does PEEP do?
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recruits alveoli- improves FRC
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what P is barotrauma concerning for on the vent?
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plateaus > 30,peaks > 50 (? prophy CTs)
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excessive PEEP complications?
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decreased RA filling, decreased CO, decreased renal blood flow/UOP, increased PVR
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what is dead space and what does it cause?
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area that is ventilated, but not perfused, causes increased CO2 buildup
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what happens in ARDS?
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increased proteinaceous material, elev gradient, elev shunt (most common from sepsis)
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SIRS criteria
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1. temp > 38 or < 36, 2. RR >20 3. CO2 < 32, 4. WBC > 12 or < 4 5. HR > 90
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what is Mendelson's syndrome?
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chemical pneumonitis from asp of gastric secretions
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