Criminal Justice Flashcards Chapter 8

Front 1

The US Supreme Court case that dealt with the issue of the patting down of the exterior clothing of a suspect to ensure officer safety was?

Back 1

Terry v. Ohio

Front 2

U.S. vs. Leon is an example of?

Back 2

good faith exception

Front 3

The ________ were the first salaried constables in Bow London.

Back 3

"Bow Street Runners"

Front 4

What is a search?

Back 4

An exploratory inspection of a person or property based on probable cause of law violation.

Front 5

When is the only time that an officer can frisk a suspect?

Back 5

When they are searching for weapons that may cause an immediate threat to the officer's safety.

Front 6

Reasonable suspicion

Back 6

A situation in which a police officer has good reason to believe that criminal activity may be occurring.

Front 7

What is the exclusionary rule?

Back 7

A legal principle that holds that illegally seized evidence must be excluded from use in trials.

Front 8

What case applied the exclusionary rule to the states?

Back 8

Mapp v. Ohio

Front 9

What does the fourth amendment state?

Back 9

Citizens are protected against "unreasonable searches and seizures."

Front 10

What case established the authority of the police to conduct a warrantless search in a lawful arrest?

Back 10

Chimel v. California

Front 11

When are police able to conduct searches without warrants?

Back 11

-When they are making a lawful arrest.
-When given voluntary consent.
-When an item is in plain view.
-When searching automobiles
-Open Fields or Abandoned property.

Front 12

What is the good faith exception?

Back 12

A rule stating that evidence seized with a defective warrant, not based on probable cause, is admissible in court if the police acted in good faith in presenting the evidence and the error was made by the judge.

Front 13

What does the fifth amendment state?

Back 13

That a person has protection against self-incrimination.

Front 14

What case applied the fifth amendment to specific police procedures?

Back 14

Miranda v. Arizona

Front 15

What is the purpose of the Miranda warning?

Back 15

To protect people from self-incrimination

Front 16

What is the public safety exception?

Back 16

Police may omit the Miranda warning prior to questioning a suspect when public safety is jeopardized.

Front 17

In what case did the Supreme Court establish that is in not "fundamentally unfair" to use a defendant's refusal to take a blood-alcohol test as evidence of guilt.

Back 17

South Dakota v. Neville

Front 18

What is the U.S. Supreme Court's case defining the decision of the law of stop and frisk?

Back 18

Terry v. Ohio

Front 19

In order to make a lawful search incident to arrest ___.

Back 19

The arrest must be lawful

Front 20

Which is one of the stated purposes of search incident to arrest as ruled in the decision of Chimel v. California?

Back 20

The purpose of search incident to arrest is to remove weapons for the protection of the police officer.

Front 21

A situation where a police officer has good reason to believe that criminal activity may be occurring is called...

Back 21

Reasonable suspicion

Front 22

What is the case in which the U.S. Supreme Court hold that the Miranda ruling has become embedded in routine police practice to the point where warnings have become part of our national culture?

Back 22

Dickerson v. United States

Front 23

Which is not an exception for the need for warrant in making a lawful warrantless search?

Consent
Incident to arrest
Caught in the act
Stop and frisk

Back 23

Caught in the act

Front 24

The Miranda warning must be given when...

Back 24

A suspect is in police custody and questioned by the police.

Front 25

True/False The importance of confessions to police work is limited because most suspects are taken into custody based on other evidence.

Back 25

True

Front 26

The exclusionary rule was applied to state prosecutions in the case of...

Back 26

Mapp v. Ohio

Front 27

The exclusionary rule was first applie to federal prosecutions in what year?

Back 27

1914

Front 28

The National Institute of Justice study examined felony cases over a three year period and found that ...

Back 28

Fewere than one percent of cases were dismissed because of the exclusionary rule.

Front 29

What is the name of the case that preceded the Miranda decision and set the groundwork for the more controversial and significant decision two years later?

Back 29

Escobedo v. Illinois

Front 30

What percent of the American population, based upon recent polling, supports requiring police to inform suspects of their rights?

Back 30

50 to 100 percent

Front 31

Coolidge v. New Hampshire is a ruling that applies to which of the warrantless searches?

Back 31

Plain view

Front 32

What is the case that allows for an exception to Miranda when questions to a suspect are prompted by a concern for public safety?

Back 32

New York v. Quarles

Front 33

The Supreme Court has stated that the Miranda decision should be the law of the land because...

Back 33

Miranda has become embedded in routine police practice

Front 34

The protection against self incrimination is found in the ___ Amendment to the United States Constitution?

Back 34

5th

Front 35

Most suspects seem not to be influenced by the Miranda waring because...

Back 35

They feel compelled by circumstances to talk to police

Front 36

Searches incident to a lawful arrest were limited to the person and the area under their control in the case of...

Back 36

Chimel v. California

Front 37

The case of U.S. v. Leon established the _____ rule.

Back 37

good faith