Criminal Justice Chapter 4

Front 1

administrative regulations

Back 1

rule smade by government agencies to implement specific public policies in areas such as public health, environmental protection, and workplace safety

Front 2

case law

Back 2

court decision that have the status of law and serve as precendents for later decisions

Front 3

civil forfeiture

Back 3

the confiscation of property by the state because it was used in or acquired through a crim.e in recent years the police have used civil forfeiture tos eize property that they beieve was purchased with drug profits

Front 4

civil law

Back 4

law regulating the relationshisp between or among individuals, usually involving property, contract, or business disputes

Front 5

common law

Back 5

the anglo american system of uncodified law, in which juges follow precdents set y earlier decisionw hen they deicde new but similar cases

Front 6

constitution

Back 6

the basic laws of a country or state definin the structure of government and the relationship of citizens to that government

Front 7

double jeopardy

Back 7

the subjecting of a person to prosecutino more than once in the same juridsdiction for the same offense; prohibitedd by the fifth amendment

Front 8

entrapment

Back 8

the defense that the police induced the individual to commit the criminal act

Front 9

fundamental fairness

Back 9

a legal doctrine supporting the idea that so long as a state's conduct maintains basic standards of fairness, the constitution has not been violated

Front 10

grand jury

Back 10

a body of citizens that determines whtether the prosecutor possesss suffiencet evidene to justify the proescution of a suspet for a serious cimre

Front 11

inchoate offense

Back 11

conduct that is criminal een though the harm that the law seeks to prevent has been merely planned or attempted but not done

Front 12

incorporation

Back 12

THE EXTENSION OF THE DUE PROCESS CLASUE OF THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT TO MAKE BINDING ON STATE GOVERNMENTS THE RIGHTS GUARANTEED IN THE FIRSTE TEN AMENDEMNTS TO THE US

Front 13

indigent defendants

Back 13

people facing prosecution who do not have enough money to pay for their own attourneys and court expenses

Front 14

legal responsibility

Back 14

the accountabiity of an individual for a crime because of the perpetrator's characteristics and the circumstances of the ilegl act

Front 15

mens rea

Back 15

guilty mind or blameworethy state of mind necessary for legal responsbility for a criminal offense; criminal intent as distinguished from innocent intente

Front 16

procedural due process

Back 16

the constitutional requirement that all people be treated fairly and justly by governement official an accused person can be arrested prosectuted tried and punished only in accordance with producesres prescribed by the law

Front 17

self incriination

Back 17

the act of exposing oneself to prosecution by being forced to respond to questions whose answers may rveal that one has commtted a crime

Front 18

statues

Back 18

laws pssed by legislatures statutory definitions of criminal offense are foudn in penal codes

Front 19

strict liability

Back 19

an obligation or duty that when broken is an offense that can be judged criminal without a showing of mens rea or ciriinl intent; usually applited to regulatory offense involving health and safety

Front 20

substantive criminal law

Back 20

law defining acts that are subject to punishment and specifying hte punishments for such offenses