Criminal Investigation 11 Ed, Chapt 3-4

Front 1

Baseline Coordinates

Back 1

method of fixing evidence, it is very similar to the rectangular coordinates. its used inside and outside it depicts its use in an interior location, It establishes a straight baseline in room

Front 2

PPE personal protection equipment

Back 2

Used at high risk scenes to reduce blood exposure

Front 3

Elimination prints

Back 3

use to determine whether a latent finger print found at a crime scene belongs to a suspect.

Front 4

Alternative lights system ALSs

Back 4

Often used to find trace evidence, includes Polilight Blue Maxx and Luma lite

Front 5

Trace evidence

Back 5

a extremely small or limited amount of evidence

Front 6

Corpus Delicti

Back 6

Body of evidence, (associative evidence) bidirectional in that it connect perpetrator to the scene of victim both may be needed to prove identification and location

Front 7

Locards principle

Back 7

there is something to be found

Front 8

Macroscopic scene

Back 8

"large view" relevant to location, suspect, vehicle

Front 9

Microscopic scene

Back 9

consist of specific objects and pieces of evidence that are associated with commission of crime, example, knifes bite marks, hairs fibers.

Front 10

Chain of custody

Back 10

all stages of handling evidence

Front 11

Vehicle canvass

Back 11

makes record of all vehicles in the are provided during the investigation

Front 12

Inductive reasoning

Back 12

moves from specific details to general views. IT is uses the factual situation of a case form a unifying and logical consistent explanation of the crime

Front 13

deductive reasoning

Back 13

create hypothesis about the crime this explanation is tested against factual situation

Front 14

forensic mapping

Back 14

the process of taking and recording the precise measurement of items of evidence to be drawn or fixed on the sketch

Front 15

Sketching Views

Back 15

Birds eye Overhead-most common

Elevation-shows hieght

cross projection view- maps walls and rooms

Front 16

crime scene sketch

Back 16

basic diagram of the scene, important points such as location physical evidence

Front 17

Rough sketches vs Smooth or finished sketches

Back 17

sketches by hand and office sketches

Front 18

rectangular coordinates

Back 18

methods used for clear and specific boundaries such as walls deficiency the axis can be rotated (look for a rectangle in the question )

Front 19

Triangulation

Back 19

method used both interior as well outdoors it must spring form district permeant features or landmarks

Front 20

class characteristics

Back 20

evidenced based into a broad category individual identification can not be used.

Front 21

individual characteristics

Back 21

can be used to identify with a high degree of probability as originating with a particular person. The ability to establish individuality distinguished this type of physical evidence.

Front 22

Comparison samples unknown or questioned

Back 22

1) recovered crime scene sample

2) questioned evidence

3) evidence from unknown linking crime

Front 23

Comparison sample known samples

Back 23

1) standard of reference finding the linkage or association

2) control or blank- uncontaminated crime source taken from known source

3) elimination sample-

Front 24

residue prints

Back 24

footwear boots , soles of feet, tires formed after coming in contact with blood or foreign matter

Front 25

impression

Back 25

result from footwear and tires treading on moldable material

Front 26

Foot Software progams

Back 26

Solemate 24000 prints of sport and causal ear

Crimeshoe and treadmate

Front 27

Dental stone

Back 27

used for casting medium and providing mode impressions

Front 28

Paint data Query

Back 28

global information system on the paint used by manufactures used in car fatalities

Front 29

fracture match

Back 29

when two physical items where once joined , example, a paint chip recovered in a burglary

Front 30

Radial fracture and concentric frature

Back 30

1) radial moves from point of impact

2) concentric moves to point of impact

Front 31

1) fingerprints

2) minutiae

Back 31

1) all prints made by friction ridges

Delete repeated word

2) friction ridges that toughed the surface on found print

Front 32

latent fingerprints characteristics

Back 32

1) Plastic prints-three dimensional mold

2) Patent contaminated visible prints- finger contaminated with foreign matter-soil etc

3) latent invisible prints- unseen but made visible

Front 33

Forensic light source FLS

Back 33

specialized light capabilities that capture ultraviolet and infrared in addition to causing natural fluorescent glowing prints to be visible to the naked eye

Front 34

traditional poweders

Back 34

blue white silver red providing contrast

Front 35

fluorescent powder

Back 35

chemical enhanced when prints viewed under fls laser

Front 36

Super Glue fuming

Back 36

was developed in 1978 in japan, uses cyanoacrylate heated in a chamber to develop prints remarkable results and low cost.

Front 37

Forensic odontology

Back 37

the intersection of dentistry and criminal law

Front 38

dental profiling

Back 38

postmortem after death, teeth age time gender

Front 39

mtdna

Back 39

which is inherited only form maternal lines

Front 40

locating blood

Back 40

1) luminol a water based spray locates trace amounts of blood

2) hemident does not distigues between animal blood

3)Hexagon OBTI distinguishes between animal and human blood

Front 41

Caliber

Bore

grooves

Back 41

1) Diameter of bullet

2) Diameter of the barrels

3) the low sides of barrels interior

Front 42

both associated with semi and automatic weapons

Back 42

extractor marks- made when pulled out of chamber

ejector marks- made when case is kicked out

Front 43

Tool mark

Back 43

any impression cut gouge or abrasion made when tool comes in contact with another object

Front 44

Touch DNA

Back 44

is relatively new iteration in DNA analysis that involves skins cells rather than body fluid

Front 45

Document

Back 45

is anything or which a mark symbol or writing is made for the purpose of transmitting a meaning