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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a crime? |
An act that goes against the law with intentions and harm to a person or property. |
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What is the dark figure of crime? Why donee have it? |
Unknown actual number of crimes, we report crimes committed not number of criminals. unreported because embarrassed, scared, unnecessary, not aware |
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Describe the elements of a criminal personality? |
•Lacks feeling of guilt •Pleasure seeking •Impulsive •Over optimistic •Self importance |
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What is the name of the core theory? |
Biological theory |
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What is the prefrontal cortex? How is it affect by BD? |
Processes fear, antisocial behaviour, BD = less fear |
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What is the temporal lobe? |
Responsible for language, emotion and memory. BD means lack of emotion/can't express themselves |
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What is the limbic system? |
Responsible for aggressive and sexual behaviour. BD means can't control emotions |
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What is the corpus callosum? How does BD affect it? |
Connection between rational and irrational sides of the brain. BD = irrational and impulsive |
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What is the theory behind facial features? |
Criminals have certain features that correlate to criminality. |
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Name some of the facial features? |
Lots of hair, upturned nose, fleshy lips, glassey eyes, large ears, high cheekbones, prominent chins, asymmetrical face, slipping forehead |
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What are some of the criticisms of the core Theory? |
•BD not always there •Facial features justified by prejudice •Not a criminal gene (fraud to rape?) •Social environmental factors |
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What is the alternative theory? |
Behaviour is learnt through observation and imitation we copy our role models. Role model, reward, reinforcement and repeat |
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Who did the core study, when? |
Mednick 1984 |
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What was the principal the core study was based on? |
If there's a criminal gene then criminal's biological parents would have a higher rate of criminality than adoptive ones. |
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What is the aim of the core study? |
To see a correlation between criminal behaviour and genetics. Nature vs nurture. |
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What was the procedure of he core study? |
In Denmark. Accessed 14,000 male records born between 1924-1947. Compared records of their adoptive and biological parents. |
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What were the results? |
24.5% - both convicted a crime 20% - only biological convicted 14.7% - adoptive parents convicted 13.5% - neither convicted |
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What are the limitations of turncoats study? |
•Cultural bias •Unreliable record •Gender bias •'Contamination effect' from biological parent s |
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What Crime reduction methods are there? |
Media restrictions, water shed, age ratings Early intervention - education |
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What methods are there of Crime prevention? |
Prisons Rehab, social skills training |
