Crime

Front 1

Crime

Back 1

an act or omission of duty resulting in harm to society that is punishable by the state

Front 2

Actus Reas

Back 2

the physical act of carrying out a crime; either voluntarily or a voluntary admission of duty

Front 3

Mens Rea

Back 3

the mental state of the accused i.e. the accused intended to commit the crime

Front 4

strict liability offences

Back 4

for less serious offences like speeding, the prosecution doesn't have to prove mens rea. All they have to prove is the actus rea

Front 5

Causation

Back 5

Must be a causal link between what the accused did and the injury that was caused - actus reas has to cause injury or death

Front 6

categories of crime (7)

Back 6

offences against the person

Offences against the sovereign

economic offences

Drug offences

Driving offence

public order offences

preliminary offences

Front 7

offences against the person

Back 7

murder

manslaughter

assault

sexual assault

Front 8

offences against the sovereign

Back 8

Treason

Sedition - trying to get other people to go against the government

Front 9

Economic Offences

Back 9

property crimes

white collar

Computer crimes

Front 10

drug offences

Back 10

anything to do with possessing, using supplying, selling, manufacturing, growing or importing illegal drugs

Front 11

Driving offences

Back 11

speeding; reckless driving; driving under the influence of alcohol

Front 12

Public Order offences

Back 12

actions that are deemed offensive to the public, but generally legal in your own home

offensive language; public nudity; soliciting (offering/accepting) prostitution

Front 13

preliminary crimes

Back 13

Attempts - any attempt to commit a crime is punishable to the same extent as if the person actually succeeded in doing it

Conspiracy - when two or more people jointly plan to commit a crime together

Front 14

Summary offences

Back 14

less serious offence - tried by a magistrate in the local court

Charge is usually laid by a police officer

punishment is usually less severe; such as fine, good behaviour bond or community service

Front 15

indictable offences

Back 15

more serious offence tried by a judge and jury

charge brough by a public prosecutor working for the state

Punishment will usually be imprisonment or a hefty fine

Front 16

principle in the first degree

Back 16

main perpetrator - committed the crime

Front 17

principle in the second degree

Back 17

person helping the principal in the first degree commit the crime

Front 18

Accessory before the fact

Back 18

this is a person who helped to plan the crime

Front 19

accessory after the fact

Back 19

this is the person who helped the offender afterwards

Front 20

Factors affecting criminal behaviour

Back 20

Psychological factors

Social factors

Economic factors

Genetic theories

Political factors

Front 21

Psychological factors

Back 21

mental illness affects a person's behaviour

Front 22

social factors

Back 22

family situation or relationships

environment raised in

e.g. abusive home, parents commit crimes, been assaulted or abused

Front 23

Economic factors

Back 23

disadvantaged background

poor education, lack of skills, unemployed, menial jobs

Front 24

Genetic theories

Back 24

no genetic studies have been conclusive in showing that indviduals with certain genes are more likely to commit crimes

Front 25

Political factors

Back 25

rioting, protesting combined with public disorder

Front 26

Situational Crime prevention

Back 26

aims to make it more difficult for criminals to carry out a crime

e.g. bars on windows, alarm systems, CCTV, computer passwords and firewalls

Front 27

Social crime prevention

Back 27

address the underlying social factors that may lead to criminal behaviour

e.g. funding educational programs in schools, parenting workshops, youth programs