Cranial Nerves

Front 1

1. OLFACTORY NERVE

Back 1

-Sensory
-Exits thru Cribriform plate
-Sense of smell
-Deficits (if bilateral): anosmia (no sense of smell)

Front 2

2. OPTIC NERVE

Back 2

-Sensory
-exits thru optic canal
-sense of sight
D: unable to see w/ affected eye

Front 3

3. OCULOMOTOR NERVE

Back 3

-motor
-exits thru orbital fissure
-supplies msucles that move eye (except lateral rectus & dorsal oblique), levator palpebrae superiores m, constrictor msucle of pupil
D: Eyeball deviated laterally and rotated so that dorsal aspect is pulled medially
- no constriction of pupil

Front 4

4.) TROCHLEAR NERVE

Back 4

-motor
-extis thru orbital fissure
-supplies dorsal oblique m.
D: slight rotation of eyeball so ventral aspect is pulled medially

Front 5

5. TRIGEMINAL NERVE

Back 5

-mixed motor and sensory
-3 branches
- OPTHALMIC NERVE
- MAXILLARY NERVE
- MANDIBULAR NERVE

Front 6

5. TRIGEMINAL NERVE
A. OPTHALMIC NERVE

Back 6

-exits thru orbital fissure
-sensory to eyeball, medial portion of eyelids, nasal cavity
D: lack of sensation to medial canthus, eyeball, nasal mucosa, skin of nose

Front 7

5. TRIGEMINAL NERVE
B. MAXILLARY NERVE

Back 7

-exits thru round foramen
-sensory to lateral portion of eyelids, hard palate, upper teeth and lips
D: lack of sensation to lateral canthus, palate, upper teeth and gums

Front 8

5. TRIGEMINAL NERVE
C. MANDIBULAR NERVE

Back 8

-exits thru oval foramen
-sensory to skin and mucosa of the check, lower jaw and rostral 2/3 of tongue (pain); motor to muscles of mastication, except for caudal part of digastricus
D: lack of sensation to skin and mucosa of cheek, lower teeth, and rostral 2/3 of tongue; difficulty chewing, atrophy or muscles of mastication

Front 9

6. ABDUCENT NERVE

Back 9

-motor
-exits thru orbital fissure
-motor to lateral rectus m. of the eye and retractor bulbi m.
D: eyeball is pulled medially

Front 10

7. FACIAL NERVE

Back 10

-Sensory and motor
-exits thru stylomastoid foramen
-motor to muscles of facial expression, caudal half of diga. m, ducts of sali.glandsl sensory to taste buds in the rostral 2/3 of tongue and concave surface of external ear
D: drooping eye and ear on affected side, muzzle is pulled to unaffected side
-lack of taste in the rostral 2/3 of tongue; lack of sensation to the convace surface of the external ear

Front 11

8. VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE

Back 11

-sensory nerve
-does not exit skull
-hearing and balance
D: - unable to hear with affected ear
-lack of balance, circling, pathological nystagmus

Front 12

9. GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE

Back 12

-sensory and motor
-exits thru tympanooccipital fissure
-sensory to pharynx and caudal tongue; motor to muscles of pharynx
D:-lack of sensation to the pharynx and caudal tongue
-difficulty swallowing

Front 13

10. VAGUS NERVE

Back 13

-motor and sensory
-exits thru tympanooccipital fissure
-sensory and motor to the viscera of the neck, thoracic and abdominal cavitites
D (if bilateral): - difficulty swallowing, increased heart rate, lack of motility to dig. organs

Front 14

11. ACCESSORY NERVE

Back 14

-motor
-exits thru tympanooccipital fissure
-motor to the muscles of the neck, sole innervation to the trapezius m.
D: atrophy of the trapezius m.

Front 15

12. HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE

Back 15

-motor
-exits thru hypoglossal canal
-motor to muscles of tongue
D: early- tongue is pulled to unaffected side
later- atrophy of affected side of tongue; tongue is pulled to affected side