Cranial Nerve Lesions

Front 1

Contralateral spastic hemiparesis
Contralateral loss of position and vibration sense of body
Tongue deviates to the lesion

Back 1

Medial Medulla ( ASA infarct)

Front 2

1. Ipsilateral limb ataxia
2. Ipsilateral pain and temp of face
3.Vomiting, Vertigo, Nystagmus-away from lesion
4. Contralateral loss of pain and temp of body
5. Horner Syndrome
6. Ipsilateral loss of vocal cords, dysphagia, palate droop

Back 2

Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg PICA)

Front 3

1. Ipsilateral limb ataxia
2. Ipsilateral Horner's
3. Vomiting, vertigo, nystagmus away from lesion
4. Ipsilateral pain and temp loss-face
5. Ipsilateral facial paralysis
6. Hearing loss

Back 3

Lateral Pontine Syndrome AICA

Note CN V indicates upper pons
Note CN VII indicates lower pons

Front 4

1. Contralateral spastic hemiparesis; mostly upper limb
2. Contralateral spastic hemiparesis of LOWER half of face
3. Ipsilateral CN III palsy
a. Dilated pupil
b. Ptosis
c. Eye pointing down and out

Back 4

Medial Midbrain ( Weber) syndrome

Posterior cerebral artery

Front 5

1. ALL sensory loss from the face down to the toes
2. Lower face weakness

Back 5

Cortex or capsular lesion

Front 6

1.Long tract findings are contralateral
2. Cranial nerve affected on same side of lesion

Back 6

Brain stems lesion

Front 7

Lesion of spinal cord level is at side _______

Back 7

opposite the pain and temp loss

Front 8

Paralysis of upward gaze
Bilateral pupillary abnormalities
-slightly dilated pupils
-impaired light accomodation
Signs of ICP

Back 8

Perinaud's Syndrome

Pineal tumor

Front 9

Cells in here synthesize serotonin. They play a role in mood, aggression, and non-REM sleep

Back 9

Raphe nuclei

Front 10

These cells synthesize NE and control cortical activation(arousal)

Back 10

Locus caeruleus

Front 11

A collection of nuclei surrounding the cerebral aqueduct

Back 11

Periaqueductal gray

Front 12

These projections modulate pain at the level of the dorsal horn of spinal cord

Back 12

Periaqueductal gray

Front 13

Anterior Communicating Aneurysm can cause what visual field defects

Back 13

Bitemporal inferior quadranantopsia

Front 14

ICA supplies

Back 14

Medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes
Anterior 4/5 of corpus collosum
Anterior limb of internal capsule

Front 15

PCA supplies

Back 15

Occiptial lobe
Lower Temporal Lobe
Splenium
Midbrain

Front 16

PCA supplies

Back 16

Lateral surface of frontal, parietal, and upper temporal lobes
the posterior limb and genu of the internal capsule
most of the basal ganglia

Front 17

Patient cannot concentrate; lack of initiative, foresight, and perspective. Slowing of intellectual functions, slow speech, infantile suckling.

Back 17

Lesions of Prefrontal Area

Front 18

Damage results in motor, nonfluent, or expressive aphasia. Pt can understand written and spoken.

Back 18

Expressive Aphasia

Front 19

Lesions in this area: Apraxia, disruption of patterning and execution of learned motor movements. Unable to draw a simple diagram.

Back 19

Dominant hemisphere

Broadmans area 5 and 7

Front 20

Astereognosia results from a lesion in this area

Back 20

Dominant hemisphere

Broadmans area 5 and 7

Front 21

Loss of the ability to write, comprehend written language, acalculia, and finger agnosia and right-left diorientation.

Back 21

Gertzman Syndrome

Angular gyrus area 39

Front 22

Verbal output is fluent, but uses paraphrases and pauses often. Pt can comprehend but cannot repeat words or execute verbal commands" Count back from 100".

Back 22

Arcuate fasiculus Broadmans22, 39, 40

Front 23

Cannot execute a command to move the arm. They understand the command. The pt can move the opposite arm under command.

Back 23

Transcortical Apraxia

ACA infarct

Left lesion = Right motor disconnect

Front 24

Pt can describe a pair of reading glasses; two circles with a wire but cannot name them. The pt can read and name objects but cannot recognize facies.

Back 24

Visual Agnosia

Lesion of Temporal lobe 20 and 21

Front 25

Pt is unable to read at all or name colors, however they can still write.

Back 25

Alexia with Agraphia

Lesion in angular gyrus

Front 26

Section of the anterior corpus collosum results in

Back 26

Dysnomia, inability to recognize things when placed in left hand blindfolded.

Front 27

Alexia means

Back 27

inability to understand written language

Front 28

Agraphia means

Back 28

Inability to write

Front 29

Good Repetition
Poor Comprehension
Nonfluent speech

Back 29

Transcortical Motor Aphasia

Front 30

Poor Repetition
Good Comprehension
Fluent Speech

Back 30

Conduction Aphasia

Front 31

Poor Comprehension
Good Repetition
Fluent Speec

Back 31

Transcortical Sensory