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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hematocrit (hct) |
Elevated levels may indicate dehydration in older, postoperative people, or increased a risk of thrombus; observe for signs of pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis No exercise: <25% Light exercise: 25-30% Resistive Exercise: 30-32% |
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Hemoglobin |
Transports oxygen in blood of vertebrates decreased levels 8-10 g/dL can result to fatigue, decreased exercise tolerance and tachypnea No exercise: <8g/dL Light exercise: 8-10 g/dL Resistive Exercise: >10g/dL |
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Polycythemia |
An increase in the number of red blood cells and concentration of hemoglobin causing increased blood viscosity and blood volume, resulting in high blood pressure. Signs and symptoms: fatigue, dyspnea , head ache, dizziness, irritability, blurred vision, decreased mental acuity, and sensory disturbance |
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Analgesia |
Inability to feel pain |
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Peroneal tenosynovitis |
Inflammation of the peroneals (peroneal longus and Brevis) injuries associated with repetitive ankle motion, overuse, trauma , recurrent ankle sprains. Supinated gait places additional stress on the peroneal tendons within the groove of the lateral malleolus |
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Plantar fascitis |
Plantar fascia is a broad structure of connective tissue which spans front the calcaneus to the metatarsal heads. The acute injury is caused by excessive loading of the foot chronic irritation, excessive amount of pronation or prolonged duration of pronation |
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Digitalis (digoxin) |
Slows heart rate and increases force of myocardial contraction. Frequently used to treat congestive heart failure |
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Most important precautions to take to minimize transmission of hepetitis B |
Wear gloves during any direct contact with blood or body fluids. Hepatitis B is a blood born pathogen that is transmitted through blood contact |
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How to apply medication through iontophoresis |
Positively charged medication would be forced into the skin under the positive electrode (anode). Continuous monophasic (unidirectional) current flow is very effective in repelling ions into the skin |
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Inflammation of the cellular or connective tissue, skin that is hot, red, and edematous, and commonly fever is present |
Cellulitis |
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Produces red, weeping , crusted skin lesions normally no fever is present |
Dermititis |
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A collagen disease producing tight, drawn thickened skin |
Scleroderma |
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Measures the quantity of energy delivered per unit. ERA refers to the area of the transducer that transmits the ultrasound energy. It is expressed as watts per square centimeter (W/CM). The lower BNR is more favorable and higher quality less likely to experience hot spots or discomfort ranges between 2:1 and 8:1 |
Intensity |
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Is determined by depth of the ultrasound Ultrasound delivered at a higher ??? Is absorbed more rapidly and superficially. The ultrasound at a lower ?? Effects deeper tissue. 1MHZ deep 3MHZ superficial |
Frequency |
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Measured by continuous or pulsed. impacts the total quality of energy generated. Continuous (100%) produces thermal effects and elevates tissue temp. Pulsed (20% or lower) nonthermal effect |
Duty cycle |
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Based on the size and treatment area, the depth, of penetration. Ultrasound treatment time Is determined by the area size and should be an area two to three times larger of the transducer requires a time of or around 5 minutes. Larger areas would require longer treatment times but is not practical if excessive time is needed. |
Duty cycle |
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Strength training and/or weight training can expect to see hypertrophy in muscles occur |
6-8 weeks |
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The substitution pattern used by a person with a weak gluteus maximus |
Backward trunk lean |
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A substitution pattern the when a person demonstrates weak gluteus medius |
Lateral trunk lean to the same side |
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A substitution pattern a person demonstrates by the presents of a weak hip flexor. |
Lateral trunk lean to the opposite side |
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A substitution pattern that may be a function of a weak quadriceps or a hip or knee contracture |
Forward trunk lean |
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Burn to the anterior neck Anticipated deformity And splinting type |
Deformity: flexion with the possible lateral flexion Splinting type: soft collar, molded collar, Philadelphia collar |
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Burn to the anterior chest axilla Anticipated deformity Splinting type |
Deformity: shoulder adduction, extension, medial rotation Splinting type: Axillary or airplane splint, shoulder abduction brace |
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Burn to the elbow Deformity Splinting type |
Deformity: flexion and pronation Splinting: gutter splint Confirming splint, three-point splint, air splint |
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Burn to the hand and wrist Deformity Splinting |
Deformity: extension or hyperextension of the MCP joints; flexion of the IP joints; adduction and flexion of the thumb, flexion of the wrist Splinting: wrist splint, thumb spica splint, palmer or dorsal extension splint |
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Knee burn Deformity Splinting |
Deformity: knee flexion Splinting: conforming splint, three point splint, air splint |
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Ankle burn Deformity Splinting |
Deformity:Plantar flexion Splint: posterior foot drop splint, posterior ankle conforming splint, anterior ankle conforming splint |
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Left-handed heart failure |
Is the result of the left ventricle failing to pump enough blood through the arterial system to meet the body's demands. It produces pulmonary edema and disturbed mechanisms. Will demonstrate fatigue and muscular weakness, pulmonary edema, cerebral hypoxia and renal changes |
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Normal fasting Plasma glucose levels |
Less then 115 mg/dL Levels greater than 126 mg/dL (hyperglycemic:high glucose level) on more than one occasion is indicative of diabetes Sings and symptoms: ketoacidosis (acetone breath) with dehydration, weak rapid pulse, nausea/vomiting deep rapid respiration (Kussmauls respiration), weakness, diminished reflexes and paresthesias, and may be lethargic. Patient will need to be treated promptly with insulin |
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(hypertonia) Spasticity, decorticate/decerebrate (brainstem lesion) rigidity, cogwheel rigidity, leadpipe regidity (constant regidity) is always known with this type of lesion
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UMN lesion |
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(hypotonia) Flaccidity Cerebral lesion Following spinal or cerebral shock- resolves or changes to spasticity |
LMN lesion |
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Corticospinal |
Skilled movements |
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Vestibulospinal |
Gross postural adjustments |
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Rubrospinal |
Coordination of movement |
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Tectospinal |
Visual info related to spatial awareness |
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Dysarthria |
Decreased ability to control movements of the jaw, tongue and respiratory structure needed for speech control Hard to understand their spoken words |
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Broca's aphasia |
Damage to Broca's area When speaks words are typically restricted or awkward |
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Verbal apraxia |
Impairment of voluntary articulation control |
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Wernicke's aphasia |
Damage to Wernicke's area Speech is fluent Auditory comprehension is impaired |
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Global aphasia |
Difficulty with both comprehensive and production of language |
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Dysphagia |
Difficulty swallowing |
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Brunnstorms stages |
1: flaccid, no movement 2: spasticity, hyperflexia of movement 3: voluntary movement is possible but only in synergies 4: voluntary control 5: increased voluntary control 6: control and coordination near normal |
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When the foot is in dorsiflexion, and inversion |
When the foot is in dorsiflexion, the peroneus brevis is the prime mover in eversion; in plantar flexion, the longus plays the larger role. In addition to controlling eversion, these two muscles also perform other important functions. |
