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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skin Functions
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Photoprotection
Thermoregulation Barrier Cutaneous circulation Immunologic protection |
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Primary Skin Lesions
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Flat Lesions
Raised Lesions Fluid Filled Lesions Miscellaneous |
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Flat Lesions characteristics
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Macule –> patch (1 cm)
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Raised Lesions
characteristics |
Papule –> nodule (0.5 cm)–> tumor (2.0 cm)
Plaque Wheal |
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Fluid Filled Lesions characteristics
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Clear
Vesicle –> bulla (0.5 cm) Pus–filled Pustule –> abscess (1.0 cm) |
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Miscellaneous
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Comedone
Telangiectasis Burrow |
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An example of flat lesions are
An example of a patch are |
Freckles for flat lesions (less than 1 cm)
tuberculosis rash for patches (more than 1cm) |
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Papule example
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Molluscum
Contagiousum |
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Tumor (> 2.0 cm)
example |
Xanthomas
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Plaque
example |
Psoriasis
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Wheal
example |
Hives
Elevated lesion due to transient edema • Evanescent (often disappears within hours) & pruritic |
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Vesicle ≤ 0.5 cm
example |
Herpes Zoster
Elevated lesion that contains fluid •Wall is thin and lesion appears translucent |
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Bulla > 0.5 cm
example |
Erythema Multiforme
Major |
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Pustule ≤ 1.0 cm
can be caused by |
Streptococcus pyogenes. Raised lesion that contains a purulent exudate
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Abscess > 1.0 cm
can be caused by |
Staphylococcus aureus
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Comedones are
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Plugged secretion of horny material retained within a pilosebaceous follicle
Earliest lesion seen in acne |
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Telangiectasias are
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Persistent dilatation of superficial venules, capillaries, or arterioles
Causes include: Ultraviolet Radiation Topical Steroid Usage Collagen Vascular Disorders |
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Burrow
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Lesion produced by parasite tunneling in the skin
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Secondary skin lesions
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Scale
Crust Fissure Erosion Excoriation Ulcer Scar Atrophy Lichenification |
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Ulcer
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Necrosis of the epidermis & all or part of
the dermis & underlying subcutaneous tissue. Seen in diabetics, foot. |
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Scar
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Abnormal formation of connective tissue
Form with dermal tissue damage Initially are thick but may with time become white and atrophic |
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Scale
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Desquamating layers of the stratum
corneum accumulate forming scale. • Result of abnormal keratinization (skin maturation). |
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Atrophy
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Depression of epidermis, dermis or both
• Thin almost translucent skin • Normal skin markings are lost |
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Crust
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Collection of dried serum, pus, blood or other cellular debris
-Yellow formed by serum -Dark red/brown formed by blood -Yellow/green formed by purulent exudate •“Scab |
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Excoriation
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Traumatized or abraded skin
• Self-induced • Scratching, rubbing, or scrubbing |
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Lichenification
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Focal area of thickened skin produced by
chronic scratching or rubbing. Skin lines are exaggerated or accentuated |
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Miscellaneous Skin Lesions and Conformations
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Petechiae
Purpura |
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Petechiae
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Results from extravasation of red blood cells into the dermis
Do not blanch with pressure Usually <5mm in diameter e.g Ricky Mountain Spotted Fever |
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Purpura
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Larger patches of extravasated blood cells
Do not blanch with pressure |
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Lyme disease
can produce |
Target Lesion
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Nummular Lesions are shaped as
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coins Nummular eczema
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Annular Lesions shaped as
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rings e.g Annular Discoid Lupus
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Arcuate Lesions shaped as
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Arcs, e.g Erythema Marginatum
(rheumatic fever) |
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Dermatomal Lesions
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develop following a dermatome. e.g Thoracic Zoster
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Linear Lesions can be caused by
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Poison Ivy
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