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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define sterilization
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Destruction of all living organisms & spores on an object (generally applied to inanimate objects)
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Define Disinfection
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Destruction of all vegetative forms of organism, but NOT spores (typically refers to inanimate object)
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Define antiseptic
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an agent capable of preventing infection by inhibiting growth f infectious agents (generally applied to living tissues)
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Methods of sterilization
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1. Dry Heaet
2. Steam heat - autoclave 3. Cold sterilization 4. Radiation 5. Chemical |
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Standard Cycle of autoclaving
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121C (250F)
15 ps Min of 13 minutes (usually 15 minutes as safety factr) |
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What is flash sterilization
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Use for emergency sterilization:
131C (270F) 3 minutes for unwrapped items Place in tray & carry tray to sx |
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Autoclave precautions
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1. Do Not overfill
2. Do not letitems touch one another 3. use a steam indicator - inside & one outside 4. Distribute items evenly in tray 5.Use distilled water 6.DO NOT REMOVE UNTIL DRY 7. Set timer AFTER correct conditions of temp & pressure have been met |
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Storage Times for Single wrapped muslin items
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Closed cab: 1 week
Open Cab: 2 days |
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Storage Times for double wrapped muslin items
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Closed cab: 7 weeks
Open Cab: 3 weeks |
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Storage Times for single-wrapped crepe paper items
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Closed cab: at least 8 wks
Open cab: 3 weeks |
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When is pack considered unsterile
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1. becomes wet after sterilizing
2. tape is broken or loose 3.Date missing or illegible 4. outer wrapper is punctured or ripped 5. pack drops on teh floor |
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What do autoclave tape identify
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1. exposure to steam but NOT time, temp &
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Fsible melting pellet glass type indicator
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Indicates temp, NOT time
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Culture tests indicates
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Proves micro-orgs killed,
1. Not immediate available 2. Does Not assess steam penetration |
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Chemical sterilization indicators
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1. most common
2. colorchangeswhenadequate steam for adequate time |
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How does cold sterilization work
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1. simlest but NOT total sterility
2. Clean of free organis material - then immerse 3. Immerse 5-20 min for disinfection - 10 hours for sterility 4. Rinse instrumentsw/ sterile waater b/c may be caustic to tissue 5. gluteraldhyde & chlorohex most common |
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What are most cmmonly used cold sterilization fluids
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1. Glutaraldehyde (cidex)
2. Chlorohexadine |
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When would you use radiation as a method of sterilization
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1. Industrially
2. Large quantities or spaces 3. UV lites disinfect surfaces 4. NO enetrating power |
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What formof radiation sterilization is used in sx suites
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1. Mercury vapor produce UV
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Down side to UV light disinfection
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Damage to eyes or skin cancer after prolonged use
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When is ionizing radiation uses
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sterilize pre-packaged materials like tubing, gloves, suture
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What is the agents for chemical sterilization
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1.Ethylene oxide gas used in Specialty practices
2. Plasma hydrogen perioxide |
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Advantagesof ehtylene oxide gas
Disadvantages |
1. safe for rubber & glass
1. explosive & carcinogenic 2. CA doesn't allow b/c of environmental concerns |
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Advantages of Plasmahydrogen peroxide
Disadvantages: |
1. safer than ethylene oxide gas
1.leaves residue & 2. can be corrosive |
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Thread count of muslin or linen for sx drapes, etc
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140 threads/sq. inche - DOUBLE THICKNESS
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What is the ideal wrap or drape
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1. selecive permeability
2. resistant to damage 3. flexible - comforms to pack 4. memory - returns to flat position when unwrapped |
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Advantages of non-woven drapes
DISADVANTAGES? |
1. cellulose, nylon, rayon
2. light,medium & heavy wts 3. lint free 4. good microbial barrier 5. non resuab;e Disadvantages : CAN NOT SEE THRU |
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Advantage of paper sx wrappong
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1. parchment orcrepe
2.economical & disposable 3. good barier to moisture microbes |
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Disadvantages to paper wrappings
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1. subject to holes & tears
2. inflexible once sterilized |
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Advantages of Plastic wrapping
Disadvantages |
1. polypropylene fil that makes a pouch
2. transparent 3.ends need heat sealer or tape Disadvantages"difficulttotransfer to a sterile field |
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What is the difference btwn reflex and vital sign
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reflex gives info on anesthetic depth
Vital signs provide info on homeostatic mechanism |
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Define Vital sign
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indicate how well the patient is responding o anesthetia:
Heart rate Respiration CRT Temperature |
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Define reflex
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involuntary response to stimulus (pinprick or tap)-
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