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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy |
The capacity to do work or to produce heat. 3 types: potential, kinetic, electromagnetic. |
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Kinetic energy |
The energy of motion. Any object that moves has mechanical kinetic energy. |
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Potential energy |
Energy due to position it composition. (Stored kinetic energy) |
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Electromagnetic energy |
Energy in motion. (Light, microwaves, ultraviolet, and radio waves) particles of EMR are called photon. |
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System |
Whatever is of interest (an object, chemical, space, etc..) |
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Surrounding |
Everything else in the universe besides system. |
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Work |
A force acting upon an object to cause a displacement. Product of force applied to an object over a distance. |
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1st law of thermodynamics |
The energy of the universe is constant. |
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Internal energy |
Total (potential and kinetic energy of a system. |
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Enthalpy |
Potential energy stored within molecules due to how it's atoms bonded together. |
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Boundary |
Between system and surrounding |
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Boundary |
Between system and surrounding |
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Exothermic |
Energy released by system to surrounding |
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Endothermic |
Energy absorbed by system from surrounding |
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Heat |
Transfer of energy between two objects. |
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Calorimetry |
Measurement of heat flow |
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Calorimeter |
Apparatus to measure heat flow. ( |
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Heat capacity |
Amount of energy required to raise the temperature of an object (by one degree) |
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Molar heat capacity |
Heat capacity of 1 mole of a substance. |
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Specific heat |
Spec heat capacity- spec heat capacity of I gram is a substance? |
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BTU |
British thermal unit. Amount of heat to raise the temperature of one lb of water be one degree Fahrenheit, at Sea level |
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Calorie |
Energy (heat) to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one Celsius degree. |
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Energy of EMR |
Penetrating ability through matter of electromagnetic radiation. Greater energy, greater penetration |
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Extensive property |
Of property that depends on the amount of substance. |
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Frequency |
# of waves (or cycles) that pass a given point in space each second. |
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Gamma rays |
Emitted by radioactive isotopes |
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Heat of reaction |
The enthalpy change in a reaction |
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Hess's Law |
In going from a particular set of reactants to a particular set of products, the change in enthalpy is the same whether the reaction is done in one set or in a series of steps. |
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Intensive property |
Property that does not depend on the amount of substance. |
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Joule |
SI unit for energy. Kg*m^2/ s^2 |
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Joule |
SI unit for energy. Kg*m^2/ s^2 |
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Law of conservation of energy |
Energy is neither created nor destroyed. |
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Microwaves |
EMR that cooks food quickly and us used in communication. |
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Radio waves |
EMR that radio and TV stations emit |
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Speed of EMR (speed of light) |
Constant in a vacuum. 3.00 x 10^8 |
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Temp |
Measure of the avg. Kinetic energy if the particles in a sample of matter. |
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Wavelength |
Distance between consecutive peaks (or troughs) in a wave. |
