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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two requirements for ketosis to occur?
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-high glucose demand such as lactation with or without pregnancy
-high levels of fat mobilization |
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In some herds up to what percent of animals may have primary ketosis?
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30-50% of cows
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Is secondary ketosis often persistent or transient?
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transient
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What other form of ketosis is seen besides wasting disease type ketosis?
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nervous ketosis
-CNS signs predominate |
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What is the cause of nervous ketosis CNS signs?
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uncertain
possibly decreased glucose and increased ammonia |
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What is responsible for the production of ketones?
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metabolism of fat
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What are the three major ketones that we measure?
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beta hydroxybutyrate
acetone acetoacetate |
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What is the treatment of choice for ketonuria?
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-IV glucose - 50% dextrose
-If not pregnant, glucocorticoids- dexamethasone or isoflupredone acetate -propylene glycol drenches -force feeding -decrease milk rproduction -restore to full nutrition -don't stop supplementation until cow is normal for several days -pregnant cows may need C-section |
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When do you want to increase the plane of nutrition prior to calving to prevent ketosis?
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2 weaks
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What are some of the things you can use to prevent ketosis in problem herds?
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-monitor ketone levels in urine and milk
-supplement propylene glycol |
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What makes ketosis go from a good prognosis to a guarded to poor prognosis?
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the presence of fatty liver
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Does some level of ketosis probably occur in ALL high producing dairy cows in early lactation?
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yes
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May ketones affect appetite?
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yes, the cows refuse concentrate, this is necessary for proprionic acid production
proprionic acid is a primary glucose precursor in ruminants |
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What are some of the risk factors for ketosis in cows?
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excessively thin or excessively fat cows
-subclinical ketosis contributes to decreased overall productivity and premature culling |
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Is there an increased incidence of DAs in herds with ketosis problems?
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YES
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