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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reynolds v. U.S. |
Freedom of Religion - Free Exercise
-Mormon case
-bigamy outlawed as it does not impact practice of religion -essentially rules that there are limitations to freedom of religion
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Lee v. Weisman |
Freedom of Religion - Establishment -Rabbi at graduation violation of separation of church and state |
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Wallace v. Jaffree |
-Teachers conducting religious prayers during school day is a violation of the establishment clause
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Engel v. Vitale |
-New York, voluntary prayer in school violation of establishment clause |
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Lemon v. Kurtzman |
-Funding for parochial private schools -excessive entanglement -money from federal government only for secular reasons -- money cannot inhibit or promote religion -rules in favor of Lemon, no buses to private school, but can fund its non-religious purposes |
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Schenk v. US |
Freedom of Speech -man distributes communist pamphlets discouraging draft -ruled 9-0 against Schenk, saying such actions were not protected by the 1st amendment, clear and present danger, like yelling fire in a crowded theatre |
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Gitlow v. New York |
-Distributing "Left-Wing Manifesto" advocating overthrow of the government a violation of 1st amendment -Dangerous Tendency Test |
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Texas v. Johnson |
The Quintessential Freedom of Speech Case -Texas outlaws flag burning -5-4 Burning flag protected under 1st amendment |
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US v. Eichman |
-Flag burning on capitol steps is ok |
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Tinker v. Des Moines |
-wearing black armbands, suspended from school -Rules that Student's freedom of speech was violated |
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Debs v. US |
-Debs protests war and violates Espionage Act -Rules in favor of US, though Debs practicing freedom of speech, he was obstructing and hindering the government |
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Reno v. ACLU |
obscenity |
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New York Times v. US |
Freedom of Press -Nixon tried to prohibit printing of Pentagon Papers
-ruled to be a violation of 1st amendment -prior restraint |
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Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier |
Freedom of Press -Principles censors school newspaper -not a violation of 1st amendment -Court usually rules in favor of schools in court cases like this |
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Weeks v. US |
4th Amendment -Police takes evidence without warrant -Violation of 4th amendment --Yes, 9-0 -Exclusionary Rule: court must exclude illegally obtained evidence |
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Wolf v. Colorado |
4th amendment -Colorado Police take evidence without warning
-Rules that this is not a violation of 4th amendment, states do not have to follow 4th amendment/Exclusionary rule |
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Mapp v. Ohio |
4th Amendment -pornography -Ruling: exclusionary rule applies on both national and state levels -arrests can only be made for what is in plain sight |
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New Jersey v. TLO |
4th Amendment -student searched by administrator - not a violation of 4th amendment -in loco parentis in terms of searching, administrators and teachers have the power of your parents |
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Griswold v. CT |
Privacy -CT law forbids contraception -Rules that this violates right to privacy |
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Roe v. Wade |
-Texas law forbids abortion -Rules that the constitution grants the right to terminate a pregnancy
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Gideon v. Wainwright |
Trial Rights -Gideon asks for an attorney and is denied -Ruling: 6th amendment applies to every case |
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Escobedo v. Illinois |
Trial Rights -Escobedo denied attorney during police questioning -Ruling: 6th amendment applies to police questioning |
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Miranda v. Arizona |
Trial Rights -arrested and questioned with circumstantial evidence, not notified of his right to counsel/5th amendment rights -Miranda Rights |
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Furman v. Georgia |
8th amendment -homeowner killed during robbery -death penalty on the table -rules in favor of Furman, death penalty unconstitutional if applied unfairly or with circumstantial evidence |
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Gregg v. Georgia |
-Challenges whether the death penalty is constitutional in general -Death penalty constitutional in limited circumstances |
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Dred Scott v. Sandford |
-rules that congress has no power to ban slavery -slaves are not citizens |
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Plessy v. Ferguson |
-Plessy, Black, Railroad car, arrested -violation of equal protection clause of 14th -separate but equal |
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Brown v. BOE |
-school segregate violates 14th amendment -separate is inherently unequal |
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Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US |
-Motel would not serve Blacks -Violation of equal protection clause of 14th amendment because Commerce clause can be stretched in any way to defend against segregation |
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Swan v. Charlotte Mecklenberg |
-Schools still not integrated -Rules that courts have the power to oversee desegregation -Classifies two types of segregation: De Jure -- segregation by law, outlawed by Brown v. BOE, De Facto natural segregation by circumstance |
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University of California v. Bakke |
-Guy would have gotten into UCLA medical schools if it weren't for minority quotas -Rules that affirmative action is unconstitutional, minority can be a factor in college admissions, but cannot use quotas |
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Korematsu v. US |
-Japanese Internment -Not a violation of the 14th amendment because rights may be suspended in a time of war |
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US v. Wong Kim Ark |
-Chinese Exclusion Act and Citizenship -Violation of 14th amendment, Jus Soli american citizen if born on US soil |
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US v. Nixon
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-watergate scandal and executive privilege -Rules that executive privilege is not immune to judicial review |
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Clinton v. NY |
-attempt to pass line-item veto -Unconstitutional under the presentment clause (same bill must be passed by both congress and president) |
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Gibbons v. Ogden |
-Steam boats on the river -Unconstitutional for state to regulate interstate commerce |
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US v. Lopez |
-Lopez placed in federal prison for selling a weapon at school -Unconstitutional because exceeds commerce clause |
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Munn v. Illinois |
-Illinois grain warehouse rates, setting a maximum rate -ruling: state imposed rates are constitutional because for public good |
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Wesberry v. Sanders |
-unequal districting in Georgia -one person one vote |
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Baker v. Carr |
-1901 law -supreme court has jurisdiction in reapportionment |
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US Term Limits v. Thornton |
-AR law limits congressional term -court rules term limits unconstitutional |
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Buckley v. Valeo |
-congress passes contribution limit -limits on candidate spending violates freedom of speech |
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McConnell v. FEC |
-BCRA limits "soft money" -Rules that it is okay to limit soft money |
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Citizens United v. FEC |
-limits on soft money -rules no more limits on soft money |
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Printz v. US |
-Brady Bill -- background check with weapons purchasing -due to commerce clause, background check is unconstitutional, would have to be done by a federal agent not a CLEO |
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Bush v. Gore |
-Voting Chads -rules that is unconstitutional under equal protection clause to only recount votes of specific county -Bush wins |
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McCulloch v. Maryland |
-state of Maryland attempts to tax the national bank -national law over state law |
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Marbury v. Madison |
judicial review |
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Employment Division of Oregon v. Smith |
Freedom of Religion - Free Exercise -Native Americans coming to work high on paotti, Smith is fired -Ruling: In favor of Oregon, drugs not illegal in religious ceremony, but showing up to work on them can harm others |
