Cosmetology - Properties Of Hair And Scalp

Front 1

The scientific study of the hair, its diseases, and its care.

Back 1

Trichology

Front 2

The 2 main divisions of the hair are the hair root and the ___ ____.

Back 2

Hair Shaft

Front 3

The three main structures associated with the hair root.

Back 3

Follicle, Bulb, and Dermal papilla

Front 4

The hair root is contained in a tube-like depression or pocket in the skin called the ____.

Back 4

Follicle

Front 5

The club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root.

Back 5

Hair Bulb

Front 6

The blood and nerve supply that provides nutrients needed for hair growth are contained in the ___ ___.

Back 6

Dermal Papilla

Front 7

The tiny involuntary muscle in the skin that contracts and causes "goose bumps"

Back 7

Arrector Pili

Front 8

The oily substance called sebum is secreted by the ___ ___.

Back 8

Sebaceous Glands

Front 9

The 3 layers of the hair shaft.

Back 9

Cuticle, Cortex, and Medulla

Front 10

The layer of the hair shaft that protects it from penetration and damage.

Back 10

Cuticle

Front 11

Genrally only thick coarse hair contains a _____.

Back 11

Medulla

Front 12

About 90% of the total weightof hair comes from the ___.

Back 12

Cortex

Front 13

Liquids can penetrate the hair only when the ___ are raised.

Back 13

Cuticle

Front 14

In order to penetrate the cuticle layer and reach the cortex, oxidation haircolors, perm solutions, and chemical relaxers must have What?

Back 14

An Alkaline pH

Front 15

The changes that take place in the hair during permanent waving, chemical relaxing, and oxidation hair coloring occur in the ____.

Back 15

Cortex

Front 16

As living cells of the hair mature, they fill up with a protein called ___.

Back 16

Keratin

Front 17

The elements that make up the amino acids in the hair are carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, ____ and ____.

Back 17

Oxygen and Sulfur

Front 18

Of the 5 elements found in the hair, the element that makes up the highest percentage is ____.

Back 18

Carbon

Front 19

The chemical bonds that join amino acids to each other are called ___ ____.

Back 19

Peptide Bonds

Front 20

The bonds that account for the strength and elasticity of hair are the ___ ___.

Back 20

Side Bonds

Front 21

There are 3 different types of side bonds in the cortex; name the 3.

Back 21

Hydrogen, salt, and disulfide bonds

Front 22

The strongest side bonds in the cortex are the ___ ___.

Back 22

Disulfide Bonds

Front 23

A Disulfide bond joins the ____ atoms of 2 neighboring cysteine amino acids to create cystine.

Back 23

Sulfur

Front 24

Disulfide bonds can be broken by ___ and ____.

Back 24

Perms and Relaxers

Front 25

A hydrogen bond is a physical bond that is easily broken by ____ or ___.

Back 25

Water or heat

Front 26

All natural color is based on the ratio of ____ to ____.

Back 26

Eumelanin to Pheomelanin

Front 27

The pigment that provides natural hair colors from red and ginger to yellow/blonde is _____.

Back 27

Pheomelanin

Front 28

All natural hair color is the result of the pigment located within the ____.

Back 28

Cortex

Front 29

The amount of movement in the hair strand is referred to as its ____ ____.

Back 29

Wave Pattern

Front 30

A cross-section of a wavy hair strand is usually ____.

Back 30

Oval

Front 31

Extremely curly hair that forms coils usually has what?

Back 31

A fine texture

Front 32

The 4 most important factors to consider in a hair analysis includes ____, ____, and ____.

Back 32

Elasticity, Porosity, and Texture

Front 33

Hair texture is defined as the hair's ____.

Back 33

Diameter

Front 34

The hair's ability to absorb moisture is its _____.

Back 34

Porosity

Front 35

____ hair has the largest diameter.

Back 35

Coarse

Front 36

The hair texture that is the most susceptible to damage from chemical services is ___.

Back 36

Fine

Front 37

The number of individual hair strands on 1 square inch of scalp is referred to as ____.

Back 37

Density

Front 38

The number of hairs on the head generally varies with the _____ .

Back 38

Color of the Hair

Front 39

The thickest hair (highest density) is generally found among people with ___ hair.

Back 39

Blonde

Front 40

Hair with low porosity is considered ____.

Back 40

Resistant

Front 41

Hair with high Porosity is generally the result of what?

Back 41

overprocessing

Front 42

Wet hair with normal elasticity will stretch up to ___ of its original length and return to that same length without breaking.

Back 42

50%

Front 43

Hair flowing in the same direction is called a ____ ____.

Back 43

Hair Stream

Front 44

Dry hair and scalp are caused by what?

Back 44

Inactive Sebaceous Glands

Front 45

Found on infants, Lacking medulla, and not pigmented are characteristics of ___ hair.

Back 45

Vellus

Front 46

Hormonal changes during puberty cause some areas of vellus hair to be replaced with _____ hair.

Back 46

Terminal

Front 47

The 3 phases of hair growth are anagen, catagen, and ____.

Back 47

Telogen

Front 48

The growth phase of the hair growth cycle is known as ____.

Back 48

Anagen

Front 49

The follicle canal shrinks and detaches from the dermal papilla during this phase.

Back 49

Catagen Phase

Front 50

About ____% of the scalp hair growing in the anagen phase at any one time.

Back 50

90%

Front 51

The phase of hair growth that lasts the shortest length of time is the _____ phase.

Back 51

Catagen

Front 52

The resting phase of the hair growth cycle is known as the ____ phase.

Back 52

Telogen

Front 53

About ___ % of the hair is in the resting phase at any one time.

Back 53

10%

Front 54

Myth or Not? - Scalp massages increase hair growth

Back 54

Myth

Front 55

Gray hair is exactly like pigmented hair except it lacks ____.

Back 55

Melanin

Front 56

A loss of 35 to 40 hairs a day is considered ____.

Back 56

Normal

Front 57

Abnormal hair loss is called ____.

Back 57

Alopecia

Front 58

A client's hair must be ____ before any servicing.

Back 58

Analyzed

Front 59

By the age of 35, almost ___% of men and women show some hair loss.

Back 59

40%

Front 60

In men, a horseshoe-shaped fringe of hair is referred to as what?

Back 60

Male Pattern Baldness

Front 61

A miniaturization of terminal hair contributes to what?

Back 61

Postpartum Alopecia

Front 62

A type of Alopecia characterized by the sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots is called ____ ____.

Back 62

Alopecia Areata

Front 63

In women, androgenic alopecia shows up as what?

Back 63

General thinning of the Crown Hair

Front 64

Hair loss at the end of pregnancy is called ____ ____.

Back 64

Postpartum Alopecia

Front 65

A topical medication applied to the scalp that has been proven to stimulate hair growth is ____.

Back 65

Minoxidil

Front 66

Of the 2 products proven to stimulate hair growth, the oral prescription drug is ____.

Back 66

Finasteride

Front 67

Finasteride is not prescribed for women because if the high risk for ___ ____.

Back 67

Birth Defects

Front 68

Among the treatments for hair loss, hair plugs are a ____ treatment.

Back 68

Surgical

Front 69

Hair plugs may be transplanted by a ____.

Back 69

Surgeon

Front 70

The techincal term for gray hair is ___.

Back 70

Canities

Front 71

The type of Canities that exists at or before birth is called ____ ____.

Back 71

Congenital Canities

Front 72

The type of Canities that results from age or genetics is called ____ _____.

Back 72

Acquired Canities

Front 73

Ringed hair is a variety of ____.

Back 73

Canities

Front 74

The technical term for beaded hair is ____.

Back 74

Monilethrix

Front 75

The technical term for split ends is ____.

Back 75

Trichoptilosis

Front 76

Abnormal growth of hair is called ____.

Back 76

Hypertrichosis

Front 77

A condition characterized by brittleness and nodular swellings along the hair shaft is _____ _____.

Back 77

Trichorrhexis Nodosa

Front 78

Wax hair removal, tweezing, shaving, and electrolysis are among the treatment for _____.

Back 78

Hypertrichosis

Front 79

The condition in which the hairs may split at any part of their length is called ____ ____.

Back 79

Fragilitas Crinium

Front 80

Dry dandruff, thin scales, and an itchy scalp are typical of ___ ___ ___.

Back 80

Pityriasis Capitis Simplex

Front 81

Pityrasis steatoides is a scalp inflammation marked by greasy or waxy ____.

Back 81

Dandruff

Front 82

Clients with tinea capitis should be what?

Back 82

Referred to a physician

Front 83

Tinea, or ringworm, is caused by what?

Back 83

Vegetable Parasites

Front 84

Ringworm of the scalp is also known by the technical term ___ ____.

Back 84

Tinea Capitis

Front 85

Dry, Sulfur-yellow, cuplike crusts on the scalp, called scutula, are characteristic of ___ ____.

Back 85

Tinea Favosa

Front 86

The contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite burrowing under the skin is known as ____.

Back 86

Scabies

Front 87

Pediculosis Capitis is the infestation of the hair and scalp with ___ ____.

Back 87

Head Lice

Front 88

A boil is also known as a ___.

Back 88

Furuncle

Front 89

An inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci is called ____.

Back 89

Carbuncle

Front 90

Preventing the spread of Tinea, Pityriasis, and Staphylococci infections involves proper what?

Back 90

Sanitation and Disinfection