Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Alexander Maconochie |
Commander of Norfolk Island who devised a method for inmate ticket-of-leave that later contributed to Ireland's parole system |
|
|
Irish system |
Developed in Ireland, one of the first parole systems that permitted inmates to work their way into lower-security settings |
|
|
Sir Walter Crofton |
Director of the Irish penal system in 1846, he improved on the "ticket-of-leave" system developed by Maconochie; his system also had provisions for supervision by police, the first parole officers |
|
|
Good time |
Taking days off an inmates sentence for good behavior while incarcerated |
|
|
Release on parole |
Release of an inmate from confinement to expiration of sentence on condition of good behavior and supervision in the community |
|
|
Truth-in-sentence movement |
Begun in the 1990s, this movement required inmates to serve a significant portion of their sentences before consideration for release |
|
|
Discretionary release |
Parole of an inmate from prison prior to expiration of his or her maximum sentence according to the boundaries set by sentencing body or legislature |
|
|
Mandatory release |
The required release of an inmate from incarceration because the statutes mandate the release of any inmate who has served his or her maximum sentence |
|
|
"Max out" |
Release after serving the entire sentence |
|
|
Executive clemency |
A pardon, reduction of sentence, or release of an inmate by the governor or pardoning authority |
|
|
Pardon |
Exoneration of blame for the offense by the governor or paroling authority |
|
|
Reprieve |
A reduction in sentencing severity; sometimes used in death penalty cases when execution of the offender is at least temporarily stopped |
|
|
Commutation |
A reduction of the severity of the sentence by the executive branch of government |
|
|
Parole |
Release of the inmate from confinement after he or she has served a portion of the sentence under the continued custody of the state and under conditions that permit reincarceration in the event of misbehavior |
|
|
Parole board |
A correctional person or board that has the authority to release or parole offenders committed to prisons, to set conditions, to revoke parole, and to discharge from parole |
|
|
"Flopped" |
Inmate term for denial of parole |
|
|
Parole agreement |
Conditions imposed by the paroling authority and offender agreement to those conditions |
|
|
Technical violation |
A violation of the conditions of release other than the conviction for a new crime that can result in the offender being returned to prison |
|
|
Morrissey v. Brewer |
The U.S. Supreme Court decision that spells out the rights of an offender at a parole revocation hearing |
|
|
Procedures for pardon |
Legal steps for a pardon, such as being crime feee and meeting other conditions set by the state |
|
|
Work release |
A program in which inmates are allowed to work in the community with minimal restrictions but must return to confinement during nonworking hours |
|
|
Furlough |
A prison-release program permitting the inmate to purse education, vocational training, or employment in the community |
|
|
Reintegration |
The planned transition of an inmate from prison to the community |
|
|
Halfway house |
A residential house or facility for offenders in the community; often used for inmates prior to final release to parole |
|
|
Community residential center |
Any correctional facility existing to provide services and maximize reintegration of the offender back into the community |
|
|
Reentry |
Process of inmates return to the community and their adjustment to society (free world) |
|
|
Reentry courts |
Specialized courts designed to reduce recidivism and improve public safety through judicial oversight of those offenders released from prison |
|
|
Amnesty |
A form of pardon for a class of offenders, such as draft dodgers |
