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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Pharmacognosy

Branch of pharmacology dealing with biological, biochemical, and economic features of natural medication and their constituents

Pharmacy

Branch of pharmacology dealing with the preparation, dispensing, and proper use of medications

Posology

Study of the dosages of medicines and medications

Pharmacodynamics

Study of the actions or effects of medications on living organisms

Pharmacotherapeutics

Study of the uses of medications in the treatment of disease

Toxicology

Study of poisons, their actions, their detection, and the treatment of the conditions produced by them

Therapeutics

Science of treating disease by any method that will relieve pain, treat or cure diseases and infections, or prolong life.

Blue Bible of pharmacology

Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy is the most widely used text/reference in American pharmacies. Textbook of pharmacology, toxicology, and therapeutics.

Therapeutic dose

Normal adult dose, the usual dose, or average dose. The amount needed to produce the desired therapeutic effect. (calculated by using a 24 year old male who weighs 150pnds)

Factors affecting dosage

Age & Weight

Young's Rule

Age in years/age in years + 12 x adult dose=

Clark's Rule

Weight in pounds/150 x adult dose=

Dosing is also affected by:

Sex, Race, Occupation, habitual use, time of administration, frequency, and mode

Most common method of administration

Oral, Either sublingual(tongue) or buccal (cheek)

Intradermal

Dermis layer of skin, PPD

"Rights" of medication administration


-Right patient


-Med


-dose


-route


-time


-documentation

Medications grouping

Generic, brand, and chemical

Astringents


Medications that cause shrinkage of skin and mucous membranes.


-Aluminum Acetate solution(Burow's solution, Domeboro)


-zinc oxide, glycering

Emollients

fatty substances that may be applied to the skin to make it more pliable and soft


-theobroma oil(cocoa butter)


-petroleum jelly


-zinc oxide

Expectorants


bronchomucotropic agents, assist in the removal of secretions or exudates from trachea, bronchi, or lungs

Antitussives

Inhibit or suppress the act of coughing

Nasal Decongestants


Reduce congestion and swelling of mucous membranes


-Sudafed


-Actifed


-mucinex

Antihistamines


-Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl)


-Chlorpheniramine Maleate (Chlortrimeton)


-Meclizine Hydrochloride (Antivert, Bonine)


-Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)

Histamine Receptor antagonists


Block histamines that cause an increase of gastric acid secretion in the stomach


-Ranitidine(zantac): Treats GERD***

Antacids


Counteract hyperacidity in the stomach


-Magnesium hydroxide(Mild of magnesia)

Sulfonamides

sulfisoxazole(gantrisin), trimethoprim(backtrim, septra): Treats UTI

What treats motion sickness?

Meclizine Hydrochloride(antivert, bonine)

Silver Sulfadiazine (silvaperne cream)

Treats burns to prevent wound sepsis

Augmentin treats

Bronchitis, pneumonia, UTI

What is used

When Penicillin is contraindicated?

etythromycin

Lasix treats?

EDEMA, liver and renal disease, must take supplements

Gand Mal epilepsy treatment

Phenytoin sodium

Fat Soluble vitamins

A,D,E,K

Vitamin A(retinol)

necessary for visual adaption

Vitamin B(Thiamine Hydrochloride)

Carbohydrate metabolism, used to treat patients with appetite loss

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

prevention of scurvy

Vitamin K

Involved in the formation of prothrombin and other blood clotting factors

How long do prescriptions have to stay on file?

2 years

Filling Prescriptions Schedule I

Substances that have high abuse potential and no accepted medical use: Heroin, marijuana, & LSD

Filling Prescription Schedule II

High abuse potential and severe psychological and or physical dependence: narcotics, amphetamines, and barbiturates

Filling Prescription Schedule III

Less abuse potential than schedule II substances: nonbarbiturate deatives, nonamphetamine stimulants

Filling Prescription Schedule IV

Less abuse , prescription filled within 30 days

Filling Prescription Schedule V

Limited abuse

Controlled substances inventory board(CSIB)

Quarterly, or more frequently if necessary

Who is responsible for narcotics?

CO