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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ACS
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* acute coronary syndrome
* s/s indicating unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction |
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Angina Pectoris
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chest pain brought about by myocardial ischemia
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ACE inhibitors
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* angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
* medications that inhibit the angiotensin-converting enzyme |
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Atherosclerosis
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abnormal accumulation of lipid deposits and fibrous tissue within arterial walls and lumen
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Atheroma
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* fibrous cap composed of smooth muscle cells that forms over lipid deposits within arterial vessels and that protrudes into the lumen of the vessel, narrowing the lumen and obstructing blood flow
* also called plaque |
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Contractility
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ability of the cardiac muscle to shorten in response to an electrical impulse
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CABG
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* coronary artery bypass graft
* a surgical procedure in which a blood vessel from another part of the body is grafted onto the occluded coronary artery below the occlusion in such a way that blood flow bypasses the blockage |
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CK
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* creatine kinase
* an enzyme found in human tissues * 1 of 3 types of CK is specific to heart muscle and may be used as an indicator of heart muscle injury |
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HDL
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* high-density lipoprotein
* a protein_bound lipid that transports cholesterol to the liver for excretion in the bile * composed of a higher proportion of protein to lipid than low-density lipoprotein * exerts a beneficial effect on the arterial wall |
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Ischemia
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insufficient tissue oxygenation
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LDL
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* low-density lipoprotein
* a protein-bound lipd that transports cholesterol to tissues in the body * composed of a lower proportion of protein to lipid than high-density lipoprotein * exers a harmful effect on the arterial wall |
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Metabolic Syndrome
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a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including insuline resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
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MI
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* myocardial infarction
* death of heart tissue caused by lack of oxygenated blood flow * if acute, abbreviated as AMI |
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PCI
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* percutaneous coronary intervention
* an invasive procedure in which a a catheter is placed in a coronary artery, and one of several methods is employed to remove or reduce a blockage within the artery |
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PTCA
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* percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
* a type of percutaneous coronary intervention in which a balloon is inflated within a coronary artery to break an atheroma and open the vessel lumen, improving coronary artery blood flow |
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Primary Prevention
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interventions taken to prevent the development of coronary artery disease
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Secondary Prevention
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interventions taken to prevent the advancement of existing coronary artery disease
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Stent
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a woven mesh that provides structural support to a coronary vessel, preventing its closure
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Sudden Cardiac Death
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immediate cessation of effective heart activity
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Thrombolytic
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an agent or process that breaks down blood clots
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Troponin
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* myocardial protein
* measurement is used to assess heart muscle injury |
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Coronary Artery Disease
Risk Factors: Nonmodifiable (4) |
* family history of coronary heart disease
* increasing age * gender (men develop CAD younger than women) * race (higher incidence of heart disease among African Americans than Causasion Americans) |
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Coronary Artery Disease
Risk Factors: Modifiable (7) |
* hyperlipidemia
* cigarette smoking, tobacco use * hypertension * diabetes mellitus * lack of estrogen in women * obesity * physical activity |
